翻译题
"My expectations and my happiness all got destroyed, that was the minute that it happened." So testified Sony Sulekha, one of the plaintiffs in the largest human-trafficking case ever brought in America He and around 500 other Indians had been recruited to work in the Signal International shipyard in Mississippi. Each had paid at least $10,000 to a local recruiter working for Signal, expecting a well-paid job and help in getting a green card. Instead they laboured in inhumane conditions, lived in a crowded camp under armed guard and were given highly restricted work permits. Bonded labour is also common in parts of Pakistan, Russia and Uzbekistan—and prevalent in Thailand's seafood industry. A recent investigation by Verite, an NGO, found that a quarter of all workers in Malaysia's electronics industry were in forced labour. But the focus is now widening to the greater number of people in other forms of bonded labour— and the proposed solutions are changing. 【F1】Campaign groups and light-touch laws, backed up by the occasional high-profile prosecution, aim to shame multinationals into policing their own supply chains. 【F2】The Global Fund to End Slavery, which is reported to have substantial seed money from Andrew Forrest an Australian mining magnate, will seek grants from donor governments and part-fund national strategies developed by public-private partnerships in countries in which bonded labour is common. The Freedom Fund finances research into ways to reduce bonded labour. 【F3】The Freedom Fund's first schemes include assessments of efforts to free bonded labour in the Thai seafood industry, the clothing industry in southern India and—a harder problem, since the customers are rarely multinationals—in brick caves in two Indian states. Arguably, the lack of evidence about what works is the main obstacle to reducing the prevalence of modern slavery. 【F4】America made human trafficking illegal in 2000, after which it started to publish annual assessments of other countries' efforts to tackle it. But it has only slowly turned up the heat on offenders within its borders. Australia and Britain have recently passed light-touch laws along the lines of a law requiring transparency in supply chains that was adopted by California in 2010. 【F5】This requires manufacturers and retailers that do business in the state and have global revenues of at least $100m to list the efforts they are taking to remove modern slavery and human trafficking from their supply chains.
【答案解析】①本句是简单句。主语是两个并列的名词词组Campaign groups“运动团体”和light-touch laws“宽松法律”，后面的过去分词短语backed up…high-profile prosecution作状语，该过去分词短语的逻辑主语为句子主语，backed up by sth．是指“受某事物支持或鼓励”，文中是指“运动团体和宽松法律受这些起诉案件的推动”。②谓语部分是aim to do sth．结构，意为“旨在做某事”或“目的是做某事”。shame sb．into doing sth．意思是“使某人感到惭愧而做某事”，文中是指“使跨国公司感到羞愧而开始对其供应链进行监督”。
【答案解析】①本句为复合句，句子结构较为复杂。句子的主干是The Global Fund to End Slavery will seek grants from…national strategies，主句包含两个谓语动词seek和part-fund，分别修饰宾语grants和national strategies。②which引导的定语从句1修饰主语The Global Fund to End Slavery“全球结束奴役制基金会”，说明该基金会的资金来源。from Andrew Forrest作后置定语，修饰seed money，说明种子资金的来源。从句末的an Australian mining magnate是同位语，说明Andrew Forrest的身份。③in which引导的定语从句2修饰前面的先行词countries，说明这些国家普遍存在奴役劳工的现象。
【答案解析】①本句为带原因状语从句的复合句。主句主干为The Freedom Fund’s first schemes include assessments of efforts to…，意为“自由基金会的首批方案包括评估……的努力”。②efforts后的不定式短语作其后置定语，进一步说明是哪方面的努力。三个介词短语in the Thai seafood industry…in two Indian states都是修饰bonded labour的后置定语，说明消除的是哪些地方行业的奴役。③破折号中的内容是插入语，进一步说明在brick caves的严峻形势，该插入语中包含since引导的原因状语从句，说明brick caves形势更严峻的原因。
【答案解析】①本句是主从复合句，主句是“make sth．+a.”的结构，意为“使某物如何”，形容词作宾语补足语，进一步补充说明宾语。②after which引导的非限定性定语从句修饰前面所述的年份2000年，说明2000年后的情况。③从句的主语it指代主句的主语America,谓语是start to do sth．结构，意为“开始做某事”，文中是指美国开始发布评估信息。④句末的介词短语of other countries’efforts和不定式短语to tackle it都是作后置定语，前者修饰annual assessments，后者修饰other countries’efforts，指“发布其他国家对此所做努力的评估信息”。⑤句末的代词it指代的是前文提到的human trafficking，即“贩卖人口”这一问题。
【答案解析】①本句是复合句，包含两个定语从句。句子的主干是This requires manufacturers and retailers to list the efforts．．．”制造商和零售商要列明自己在……所做的工作”。This指代上文提到的“法律”。②定语从句1修饰manufacturers and retailers，从句的两个谓宾结构说明这是“在本国内经营”且“全球收益超过一亿美金”的制造商和零售商。③定语从句2省略了引导词that，修饰the efforts，说明manufacturers and retailers所列明的工作是“消除现代奴役和人口贩卖现象”。