【正确答案】
C
【答案解析】[听力原文] A good dose of willpower is often necessary to see any task through, whether it's sticking to a spending plan or finishing a great novel. And if you want to increase that willpower, a new study suggests, you just simply have to believe you have it. According to the study, what matters most is what we think about our willpower. If we believe it's a finite resource, we act that way. We feel exhausted and need breaks between demanding mental tasks. However, people who view their willpower as a limitless resource get energized instead. The researchers used a psychological assessment tool to test the validity of the study. They asked one thousand one hundred Americans and one thousand six hundred Europeans to grade different statements such as 'after a challenging mental activity, my energy is depleted and I must rest to get it refueled again' or 'I can focus on a mental task for long periods without feeling tired.' Although there was little difference between men and women overall, Americans were more likely to admit to needing breaks after completing mentally challenging tasks. European participants, on the other hand, claimed they were able to keep going. Based on the findings, the researchers suggest that the key to boosting your willpower is to believe that you have an abundant supply of it. Your feelings about your willpower affect the way you behave. But these feelings are changeable, they said. Changing your beliefs about the nature of your self-control can have positive effects on character development. This leads to healthier behaviors and perceptions of other people. What is often necessary for carrying through a task? 录音开头提到，良好的意志力(A good dose of willpower)往往是完成任何任务所必需的，C项“坚定的决心”是此信息的同义表述，为答案 录音未提及A项“一个好的开始”和D项“科学的方法”。B项中的plan虽然在录音中有提及，但不是完成任务所必需的东西。
【正确答案】
D
【答案解析】[听力原文] What is the finding of the new study? 录音提到，一项新的研究表明，如果你想提高这种意志力(increase that willpower)，你只需相信自己拥有它(believe you have it)。根据这项研究，最重要的是(what matters most)我们对自己意志力的看法。D项“对自己的意志力有信心是最重要的”总结了这些信息，故为答案。其中，have confidence in与录音中的believe同义。 A项虽然复现录音中的get energized，但录音没说大多教人在经过足够的测试后都会精力充沛。B项利用录音中提到的finite作干扰，录音没说大多数人倾向于拥有有限的能源。录音说的是我们感到筋痰力尽，需要在艰巨的精神任务之间休息，并没有提到这个很重要，故排除C项。
【正确答案】
A
【答案解析】[听力原文] What do we learn about European participants as compared with their American counterparts? 录音提到，美国人在完成智力挑战任务后更容易承认需要休息。另一方面，欧洲参与者声称他们能够继续前进(claimed they were able to keep going)，故A项“他们可以继续工作更长时间”为答案。 B项“他们可以做更具挑战性的任务”和C项“他们发现比较容易把注意力集中在手头的工作上”在录音中没有相关表述。D项利用录音提到的positive作干扰，录音说的是改变你对自我控制本质的信念会对性格发展产生积极的影响(positive effects on character development)，并不是说欧洲人对生活有更积极的态度。