Our bodies experience an ebb and flow of energy throughout the day. This is called a circadian rhythm, and it has been studied【C1】________by scientists. Our energy level builds gradually to a peak, then【C2】________, reaching a trough (低谷) about 12 hours later. The exact nature of this cycle varies from person to person, and【C3】________do our preferences for activity versus rest. Our natural rhythms are【C4】________by internal drives and external stimulation. Typically, external stimulation wins out over what our internal guide tells us. For example, when we fly across six time zones, we have to fit into a different time frame whether we like it or not. The same is true when we work the night shift. These are【C5】________examples of what most of us experience every day on the job. So here we are, many of us working hours that are【C6】________to what our internal rhythms would prefer. Too bad. Or is it? Some forward-looking companies are looking at internal rhythms as they【C7】________productivity and are finding that a mid-afternoon nap increases work output and【C8】________. But can naptime really fit into the American workday? While experts seem to agree that napping is a good idea, the reality of napping is probably a long shot at best. There are lots of【C9】________for this. One is the need for predictability and standardization in the workplace, especially in companies that do business around the world. Another is the longstanding American work ethic that【C10】________total commitment from beginning to end of the workday. Napping is viewed as slacking, a real no-no for the go-getter who wants to get ahead.
A. contrary B. exclaimed C. extensively D. affected E. prior F. demands G. so H. impact I. reasons J. relate to K. specifically L. accuracy M. extreme N. declines O. appropriate
【C1】
C
此处需要填入副词,修饰动词studied。在备选的三个副词里,只有extensively“广泛地”符合句意,表示“科学家们已对此进行了广泛研究”。
【C2】
N
此处需要动词与前面的builds并列作谓语,而且是第三人称单数形式,在语义上与builds to a peak“向最高峰发展”相对,因此选择declines。
【C3】
G
空格前面提到“这种周期(即昼夜生理节奏) 的性质因人而异”,而“偏好活动还是静止”也是因人而异,故空格处填入副词so,“so+助动词+另一主语”表示“……也一样”。
【C4】
D
根据空格前的are以及后面的by…,判断此处为被动语态,空格处需要填入动词的过去分词。词库中有affected和exclaimed,但只有affected符合句意,表示“受到内部动力和外来刺激的影响”。
【C5】
M
此处需要填入形容词或分词,修饰名词examples。前文举了适应时差、上夜班的例子,这些都不是每天工作的普通情况。因此这里用extreme“极端的”比appropriate“适当的”更符合语境。
【C6】
A
此处需要形容词作表语,并与to搭配。词库中能与to搭配的有contrary和prior,其中contrary to意为“与……相反”,prior to意为“优先”。根据下一句中的too bad可判断,此处说的是工作时间与身体内部节奏不一致,由此判断此题选Contrary。
【C7】
J
此处需要填入动词。作as从句的谓语。由下文的“午后小睡片刻可以增加产量”可推知,internal rhythms与生产效率有关,因此填入relate to“与……相关”。
【C8】
L
此处需要名词,与前面的work output并列。前文提到“下午小睡一会能提高工作效率和……”,备选项中含积极意义的名词accuracy“精确性”符合句意。
【C9】
I
空格前的介词of以及There are提示此处应填入名词的复数形式。上一段最后一句提到,午睡的作息制度充其量只是一次不太可能成功的尝试(a long shot)。空格所在段中出现的One is…Another is…提示,本段内容分析的是原因,因而选reasons。
【C10】
F
that引导定语从句修饰前面的ethic,其中that作主语,指代ethic。从句中缺少的是谓语动词,且需要动词的第三人称单数形式,demands符合要求。