【正确答案】伽利略最光辉的业绩在于他在1209年第一个把新发明的望远镜对准天空，以证实行星是围绕太阳旋转而不是围绕地球旋转的。

【答案解析】[精解] Galileo's greatest glory was that in 1209 he was the first person to turn the newly invented telescope on the heavens to prove that the planets revolve around the sun rather than around the earth．
句子分析：
一、句子可以拆分为三段：Galileo's greatest glory was/that in 1209 he was the first person to turn the newly invented telescope on the heavens/to prove that the planets revolve around the sun rather than around the earth．
二、句子主干结构是：
1)系表结构Galileo's greatest glory was that．．．
2)不定式短语作定语结构 the first person to turn．．．
3)动词+宾语从句作目的状语to prove that．．．
三、词的处理：
turn the newly invented telescope on the heavens (介词on 译成动词)把新发明的望远镜对准天空；
rather than 而不是；