单选题 Thanks to the introduction of new drugs, many of the earIy problems in organ transplants, such as tissue rejection, have, to a great extent, now been solved. However, there remains a major problem. The people in need of transplant surgery far outnumber the available organs.
Many countries, such as Britain, have huge waiting lists of people whose lives could be saved by being given a kidney, lung, heart, or liver transplant. Sadly, many of them die before they reach the top of those lists.
Under the present British policy, people are asked to carry donor(捐赠人) cards, and/ or put their names on the national donor register. Thus, if they lose their lives suddenly, for example, in a traffic accident, they have given permission in advance of their deaths for their organs to be used. If they have not done so, surgeons are faced with the task of asking the grieved relatives for permission to use the organs of the dead. Of course, often the relatives are too upset even to think of such a thing until it is too late. Organ transplants have to take place quite soon after the death of the donor.
Dying and donating organs is not something most of us like to think about, and only about 14% of people have registered. Now it has been suggested that, instead of the present register, there should be a register of potential donors who haven"t made up their minds.

单选题 Nowadays a major problem in transplant surgery is ______.

【正确答案】 B

【答案解析】[解析] 本题是一个细节题，其依据句是第一段最后一个句子“The people in need of transplant surgery far outnumber the available organs(可供移植的器官根本满足不了需求)”。所以，主要问题就是“缺少移植器官”。

单选题 It can be inferred from the passage that transplant organs most likely come from ______.

【正确答案】 A

【答案解析】[解析] 本题的依据句是第三段“Thus, if they lose their lives suddenly, for example, in a traffic accident, they have given permission in advance of their deaths for their organs to be used.”与A项的意思“死于致命事故中的人”最为接近。其他选项在文章中找不到依据。

单选题 What is the advantage of registering in advance to donate organs?

【正确答案】 A

【答案解析】[解析] 注意第三段最后一个句子“Organ transplants have to take place quite soon after the death of the donor”由于有了事先的捐献意愿，移植手术可以在捐献者死后马上进行。其他选项在文中没有依据。

单选题 The low percentage of people who have registered to donate organs indicates that ______.

【正确答案】 B

【答案解析】[解析] 注意最后一段第一句话的因果关系：“Dying and donating organs is not something most of us like to think about, and only about 14% of people have registered.”前半句是原因，后半句是结果。考虑到本题题干是后半句话的意思，正确选项应该符合前半个句子的意思。既然“...not something most of US like to think about(大部分人不喜欢谈的事情)”，可以判断出这是一个“unpleasant issue(不吉利的话题)”。

单选题 What has been proposed to get more donor organs?

A、 Asking more people to register to donate organs after death.
B、 Having more people carry donor cards when they get around.
C、 Encouraging more people to consider organ donation through registering.
D、 Getting more people to donate organs by offering huge monetary rewards.

【正确答案】 C

【答案解析】[解析] 本题的依据句是文章的最后一个句子“Now it has been suggested that, instead of the present register, there should be a register of potential donors who haven"t made up their minds(还要有一种尽管没有最后决定但有可能捐献器官的人的登记体系)”，它最为接近C项的意思“通过登记体系鼓励更多的人考虑捐献自己的器官”。A项中的“asking”语气太强了，原文中看不出来。B项原文没有涉及。D项的后半句话原文中没有出现。