单选题 .  Elizabeth Freeman was born about 1742 to African American parents who were slaves. At the age of six months she was acquired, along with her sister, by John Ashley, a wealthy Massachusetts slaveholders. She became known as "Mumbet" or "Mum Bett".
    For nearly 30 years Mumbet served the Ashley family. One day, Ashley's wife tried to strike Mumbet's sister with a spade. Mumbet protected her sister and took the blow instead. Furious, she left the house and refused to come back. When the Ashleys tried to make her return, Mumbet consulted a lawyer, Theodore Sedgewick. With his help, Mumbet sued for her freedom.
    While serving the Ashleys, Mumbet had listened to many discussions of the new Massachusetts constitution. If the constitution said that all people were free and equal, then she thought it should apply to her. Eventually, Mumbet won her freedom—the first slave in Massachusetts to do so under the new constitution.
    Strangely enough, after the trial, the Ashleys asked Mumbet to come back and work for them as a paid employee. She declined and instead went to work for Sedgewick. Mumbet died in 1829, but her legacy lived on in her many descendants. One of her great-grandchildren was W.E.B. Du Bois, one of the founders of the NAACP, and an important writer and spokesperson for African American civil rights.
    Mumbet's tombstone still stands in the Massachusetts cemetery where she was buried. It reads, in part: "She was born a slave and remained a slave for nearly thirty years. She could neither read nor write, yet in her own sphere she had no superior or equal."1.  What do we know about Mumbet according to Paragraph 1?
【正确答案】 A
【答案解析】[参考译文] 伊丽莎白·弗里曼(Elizabeth Freeman)大约出生于1742年，她的父母是非洲裔美国人，都是奴隶。在六个月大的时候她和她的姐姐一同被马萨诸塞州一个富有的奴隶主约翰·阿什利(John Ashley)买下。她被称为“Mumbet”或“Mum Bett”(妈妈贝特)。
   近30年来，Mumbet为阿什利家族服务。有一天，阿什利的妻子试图用铲子来攻击Mumbet的姐姐。Mumbet保护了她的姐姐，并接受了这一打击。愤怒的她离开了房子，拒绝再回来。当阿什利一家试图让Mumbet回来时，Mumbet咨询了一位名叫西奥多·塞奇威克(Theodore Sedgewick)的律师。在他的帮助下，Mumbet为获得自由而进行了起诉。
   在为阿什利一家提供服务的时候，Mumbet也听取了许多关于新马萨诸塞州宪法的讨论。如果宪法规定所有人都是自由平等的，那么她认为这也应该适用于她。最终，Mumbet赢得了她的自由——成为新宪法下马萨诸塞州第一个这样做的奴隶。
   奇怪的是，在审判结束后，阿什利一家要求Mumbet作为一名带薪的员工回来，继续为他们工作。Mumbet拒绝了，转而去了塞奇威克那里工作。虽然Mumbet于1829年去世，但她的许多后代继承了她的遗志。威廉·爱得华·伯格哈特·社波依斯(W.E. B.Du Bois)是她的曾孙辈后代之一，他是NAACP的创始人之一，也是美国黑人民权运动的一位重要作家和发言人。
   她的墓碑仍然矗立在她的安葬地——马萨诸塞州的公墓里。墓碑上的部分文字是这样写的：“她生来就是奴隶，并在将近30年的时间里一直是奴隶。她既不会读书也不会写字，在她自己的领域里也不出众或得不到平等对待。”
细节题。根据文章第一段第一句“Elizabeth Freeman was born about 1742 to African American parents who were slaves.”可知，Mumbet出生在一个奴隶家庭里，所以她也是一个奴隶，故A选项为正确答案。