完形填空 Have you ever wondered what our future is like? Practically all people exhibit a desire to predict their future【C1】______. Most people seem inclined to undertake this task using causal reasoning. First we generally recognize that future circumstances are【C2】______caused or conditioned by present ones. We learn that getting an education will affect how much money we earn later and that swimming beyond the reef may bring an unhappy【C3】______with a shark.
Second, people also learn that such【C4】______of cause and effect are probabilistic in nature. That is, the effects occur more often when the causes occur than when the causes are absent, but not always. 【C5】______, students learn that studying hard produce good grades in most instances, but not every time. Science makes these concepts of causality and probability more【C6】______and provides techniques for dealing with them more accurately than does causal human inquiry. In looking at ordinary human inquiry, we need to distinguish between prediction and understanding. Often, even if we don't understand why, we are willing to act【C7】______the basis of a demonstrated predictive ability.
Whatever the primitive drives【C8】______motivate human beings, satisfying them depends heavily on the ability to predict future circumstances. The attempt to predict is often played in a context of knowledge and understanding. If you can understand why certain regular patterns【C9】______, you can predict better than if you simply observe those patterns. Thus, human inquiry aims at answering both"what"and"why"questions, and we pursue these【C10】______by observing and figuring out.
单选题 31.【C1】
【正确答案】 B
【答案解析】context“上下文”;circumstance“环境”;inspection“检查,视察”;intuition“直觉”。预测未来通常是为了知道自己的境遇。由下一行中的“future circumstances”也可知选B。
单选题 32.【C2】
【正确答案】 A
【答案解析】分析句子结构,空格处需填副词。
单选题 33.【C3】
【正确答案】 C
【答案解析】encounter指没有事先计划的、未料到的、短暂的相遇,符合语境。本句是作者为说明当前活动对未来的影响所举的例子,意为“游过了礁石可能带来遭遇鲨鱼的不幸”。
单选题 34.【C4】
【正确答案】 A
【答案解析】pattern“模式,式样”;design“设计,图案”;arrangement“安排”;style“风格”。第一段中提到人们习惯用因果关系去推断,这是一种思考模式。
单选题 35.【C5】
【正确答案】 A
【答案解析】thus“这样”,表示顺承关系;yet和however表示转折关系;therefore表示因果关系。这里是举例说明第二个观点“这种因果的模式在本质上是随机的(不是确定的)”。
单选题 36.【C6】
【正确答案】 C
【答案解析】obscure“朦胧的,模糊的”;indistinct“不清楚的”;explicit“外在的,清楚的”;explosive“爆炸的”。句意:科学使因果性和可能性的观念变得更加清楚。
单选题 37.【C7】
【正确答案】 B
【答案解析】on the basis of“以……为基础”,为固定搭配。
单选题 38.【C8】
【正确答案】 C
【答案解析】drive在此为名词,意为“动力”,空格后的内容是对drive进行修饰,故选关系代词that引导定语从句。
单选题 39.【C9】
【正确答案】 B
【答案解析】happen“发生”;occur“发生,出现”;occupy“占用,占领”;incur“招致”。patterns对应的是上下文提到的“patterns of cause and effect”,仍在讨论理解这种模式对于预测未来的帮助。故选B。
单选题 40.【C10】
【正确答案】 D
【答案解析】purpose“目的,意图”;ambition“野心”;drive“推动力”;goal“目的,目标”。pursue意为“追求”,只能说追求目标,选D。