单选题
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No man has been more harshly judged
than Machiavelli, especially in the two centuries following his death. But he
has since found many able champions and the tide has turned. The prince has been
termed a manual for tyrants, the effect of which has been most harmful. But were
Machiavelli's doctrines really new? Did he discover them? He merely had the
frankness and courage to write down what everybody was thinking and what
everybody knew. He merely gives us the impressions he had received from a long
and intimate intercourse with princes and the affairs of state. It was Lord
Bacon who said that Machiavelli tells us what princes do, not what they ought to
do. When Machiavelli takes 
单选题
It can be inferred from the beginning of the text that
【正确答案】
D
【答案解析】该题为推理题。根据第一段第一句“No man has been more harshly judged than Machiavelli, especially in the two centuries following his death．”可知，没人比马基雅维利所遭受的批判更严酷了，尤其是在他死后的两个世纪以内。由此可以推断出马基雅维利在历史上一直都是人们批判的对象，故选D。
单选题
Lord Bacon's remarks on Machiavelli is quoted as
【正确答案】
A
【答案解析】该题为细节题。根据第一段第六和七句"He merely had the flank-ness and courage to write down what everybody was thinking and what everybody knew. " "He merely gives US the impressions he had received from a long and intimate intercourse with princes and the affairs of state. "可知，作者认为马基雅维利只是够坦白、有勇气将每个人所想的和所知道的写下来而已；他所告诉我们的是他和君主的长期亲密接触过程中以及国家事务中所留下的印象。接着作者引用培根的话“马基雅维利告诉我们君主所做的事，而不是他们应该做的事。”由此可知，作者和培根的观点一致，都认为马基雅维利只是讲述了君主实际上所做的事，可以推断出作者引用培根的话为了进一步支持自己的观点，故选A。
单选题
In the case of
Borgia, the author holds that
【正确答案】
A
【答案解析】该题为细节题。第一段第九句“When Machiavelli takes
单选题
According to the author, a politician's morality
【正确答案】
C
【答案解析】该题为细节题。根据第一段倒数第四句，“What is good politics may be bad morals，and in fact, by a strange fatality, where morals and politics clash，the latter generally gets the upper hand.”可知作者认为政治上的好事从道德方面看可能是坏事，事实上，很奇怪的是当道德和政治发生冲突时，往往后者会占据上风。即作者认为对于政治家来说道德往往置于政治之后，处于第二位，故选C。
单选题
The author's opinion on Machiavelli's History of Florence is that
【正确答案】
B
【答案解析】该题为观点态度题。根据最后一段可知，作者提出了马基雅维利在内容上的缺陷，即“…adhering at times too closely to the chroniclers of his time, and at others rejecting their testimony without apparent reason…”，意思是“文章中有时候太过于附和他所在时代的编年史，而有时候义坚决抛弃其中的论断，而没有给出任何明显的理由…”。而最后一句作者表明“It is the straightforward, logical narrative, which always holds the interest of the reader, that is the greatest charm of the Histor).”意思是：“他直接的、有逻辑的叙述常常能引起读者的兴趣，这就是这本书的魅力所在。”可见，作者认为这本书内容上有缺陷，而对马基雅维利的语言风格持肯定态度。所以，作者对《佛罗伦萨史》的看法就是：这本书的魅力在于他的文体风格而不是内容，故选B。
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