单选题
A narrowing of your work interests is implied in almost any transition from a study environment to managerial or professional work. In the humanities and social sciences you will at best reuse only a fraction of the material (26) in three or four years' study. In most career paths academic knowledge only (2) a background to much more applied decision-making. Even with a "training" form of degree, (3) a few of the procedures or methods (4) in your studies are likely to be continuously relevant in your work. Partly (5) reflects the greater specialization of most work tasks compared (6) studying. Many graduates are not (7) with the variety involved in (8) from degree study in at least four or five subjects a year (9) very standardized job demands. Academic work values (10) inventiveness, originality, and the cultivation of self-realization and self-development. Emphasis is placed (11) generating new ideas and knowledge, assembling (12) information to make a "rational" decision, appreciating basic (13) and theories, and getting involved in fundamental controversies and debates. The humanistic values of higher (14) encourages the feeling of being (15) in a process with a self-developmental rhythm. (16) , even if your employers pursue enlightened personnel development (17) and invest heavily in "human capital"—for example, by rotating graduate trainees to (18) their work experiences—you are still likely to notice and feel (19) about some major restrictions of your (20) and activities compared with a study environment.
单选题
A. restricted B. covered C. spread D. confirmed
【正确答案】
B
【答案解析】[考点] 此题属于语义搭配题 cover意为“覆盖，遮蔽，包括，涉及”，例如：(1)You should cover that meat with something to protect it from flies．(2)This leaflet covers what've just discussed in more detail. 原文意为三或四年学习中所学到(涉及)的一小部分知识，故选项B cover正确。选项A restricted意为“限制”，例如：Congress is considering measures to restrict the sales of cigarettes. 选项C spread意为“传播”；选项D confirmed意为“证实”，例如：I'd like to confirm when you'll be arriving on Monday.
单选题
A. admits B. equips C. states D. forms
【正确答案】
C
【答案解析】[考点] 此题属于语义搭配题 form意为“组成，形成”，例如：I formed the impression／opinion／view that she didn't really want to come. 原文句中的宾语为background，可与form连用，故选项D forms正确。选项A admits意为“承认”；选项B equips意为“装备”；选项C states意为“陈述”，例如：Please state (express clearly and carefully) why you wish to apply for this grant.
单选题
A. hardly B. scarcely C. evenly D. only
【正确答案】
D
【答案解析】[考点] 此题属于语篇联接题 根据上下文意思，上文谈到学校学到的东西与工作关系并不十分密切，因此，仅有一小部分知识会被利用，故选项D only正确。选项A hardly意为“几乎不”；选项B scarcely意为“简直不，决不”，例如：He would scarcely have said a thing like that (I don't believe he did). 选项C evenly意为“平均地”，如：be evenly distributed across the country.
单选题
A. practiced B. described C. encountered D. analyzed
【正确答案】
C
【答案解析】[考点] 此题属于语义搭配题 encounter意为“遇到”，原句意为：学习中遇到的部分做法和方法会和以后的工作有关，故选项C encountered正确。选项A practice意为“练习”；选项B describe意为“描述”；选项D analyze意为“分析”，例如：Water samples taken from streams were analyzed for contamination by chemicals.
【答案解析】[考点] 此题属于词语搭配题 compare... with意为“与……作比较”，属习惯用法，例如：Instant coffee doesn't compare with／can't be compared with freshly ground coffee. 速溶咖啡无法与现磨的咖啡相比。故选项A with正确。选项B against有“比较”之意，如：compete against，但不可与compare连用；选项C upon和选项D from均不符合题意。
单选题
A. contest B. content C. contact D. contract
【正确答案】
B
【答案解析】[考点] 此题属于词语搭配题 此题需要在系动词are后充当表语的成分，只有选项B content(满意的)，符合题意，例如：I think he's fairly content with his life.选项A contest动词，意为“竞赛，质疑”，例如：(1)She stands a good chance since only two people are contesting the seat. (2)We will certainly contest any claims that made against the safety of our products. 选项C contact意为“与……接触，联系”，例如：I must contact my lawyer before I make my final decisions. 选项D contract意为“使收缩，定合约”contract to do／contract with sb.，例如：People often contract word combinations when they are speaking. 又如：The company has just contracted to build shelters for the homeless.
单选题
A. transferring B. transmitting C. translating D. transporting
【正确答案】
A
【答案解析】[考点] 此题属于近形词辨析题 transfer意为“改变，转移”，例如：(1)She transferred her gun from her shoulder to his side. (2)The aim is to transfer power／control to self-governing regional councils. 原文意思为：从一年至少学四五门学位课程转变为标准化的工作要求。只有选项A transferring有change(转换)的意思。选项B transmitting意为“传送，输送，传播”，例如：Some diseases are transmitted from one generation to the next．选项C translating意为“翻译”，常与into连用；选项D transporting意为“运输”。
【答案解析】[考点] 此题属于语义搭配题 individual意为“个人的”，本句需用一个形容词来修饰inventiveness，originality等词，原句意思为：学校看重个人的发明创造能力和独创性，故选项Cindividual正确。选项A unique意为“惟一的”，强调独一无二的惟一性；选项Bsingle意为“单个的”，常修饰具体事物，例如：The letter was written on a single sheet of paper. 选项D specific意为“特有的”，例如：The money is intended to be used for specific purposes.
单选题
A. by B. on C. across D. through
【正确答案】
B
【答案解析】[考点] 此题属于词语搭配题 place emphasis on sth. 意为“强调某事”，故选项B on正确。其他选项均不能与emphasis连用。
单选题
A. adequate B. definite C. valuable D. profitable
【正确答案】
A
【答案解析】[考点] 此题属于语义搭配题 adequate意为“足够的，充足的”，符合一个客观要求或标准，例如：The reason I didn't do well in the exam is that I just didn't have adequate time to prepare. 根据原文意思，做出合理的决定需要收集足够的资料，故选项Aadequate正确。选项B definite意为“明确的”；选项C valuable意为“有价值的”；选项D profitable意为“有好处的，有利的”，如：a profitable business.
【答案解析】[考点] 此题属于词语搭配题 be engaged in意为“从事于，忙于……”，例如：Engaged in conversation, they did not see me. 根据原文意思：高校鼓励学生积极从事培养自我发展的能力，故选项C engaged语意与结构均符合题意。选项A consist in意为“存在于”，例如：The beauty of air travel consists in its speed and ease. 另外：consist of(由……组成，构成)，consist with(与……一致，符合)；选项B dealt和选项D worked均不能与in连用。
单选题
A. By contrast B. That is C. Therefore D. Meanwhile
【正确答案】
A
【答案解析】[考点] 此题属于语篇连接题 by contrast意为“相比之下”，根据上下文内容，上文谈学习的氛围，下文将谈到工作环境，二者形成对比关系，故选项A By contrast正确。选项BThat is意为“也就是说”，属顺承关系；选项C Therefore意为“因此”，属因果关系；选项D Meanwhile意为“同时”，属并列关系，均不符合题意。
单选题
A. laws B. rules C. policies D. studies
【正确答案】
C
【答案解析】[考点] 此题属于语义搭配题 policies意为“政策”，例如：a foreign and security policy; policies on education. 根据原文的意思：老板们制定的是开明的人事发展政策，而非具有法律效力的法律，也不是具体的规章、规则，故选项C policies正确。选项A laws意为“法律”，范畴太广；选项B rules意为“规则”，太具体，概念太小；选项Dstudies意为“研究”，与本句没有什么关系。
单选题
A. improve B. introduce C. vary D. gain
【正确答案】
C
【答案解析】[考点] 此题属于语义搭配题 vary意为“使不同，变化”，例如：(1)Salary scales vary from state to state. (2)The samples varied in quality but were generally acceptable. 根据上下文的意思，前面有rotate一词，指不停地换工作以便获得多种经历，故选项C vary正确。选项A improve意为“改进”，不能与经历搭配；选项B introduce意为“介绍”，不合题意；选项D gain意为“获得”，虽可与下文的experiences连用，但不够准确。
单选题
A. strange B. ashamed C. funny D. sorry
【正确答案】
D
【答案解析】[考点] 此题属于语义搭配题 sorry意为“遗憾的”，根据句子的意思，人们对所受的约束(restrictions)感到遗憾，故选项D sorry正确。选项A strange意为“奇怪的”；选项Bashamed意为“惭愧的”，用于人，例如：You should be ashamed of yourself. 选项C funny意为“滑稽的”。
单选题
A. hobbies B. interests C. subjects D. concerns