A. overachieving B. recruiting C. high D. with E. underachieving F. shortage G. where H. favor I. control J. take K. hardly L. however M. spend N. low O. consistently What are the secrets of success of schools reform? Though there is no one template(模板), four important themes emerge: handing power back to schools; a focus on 1 pupils; a choice of different sorts of schools; and 2 standards for teachers. Of the four chief elements of schools reform, diversity of supply is by far the most striking. From New York to Denmark, schools free of government 3 and run by non-state providers are adding quality to the mix. To date, they seem most successful 4 the state has been unwilling or unable to make a difference. It is still not clear whether creating groups of Free Schools and charter schools will 5 drive improvement in other institutions, or whether that is wishful thinking. What is clear, 6, is that the shiniest new academy will struggle without decent teachers. An emphasis on better teacher quality is a common feature of all reforms. Countries like Finland and South Korea make life easier for themselves by 7 only elite graduates, and paying them accordingly. Michael Gove, British Conservative education secretary, has said that he wants to raise the degree threshold for teachers and offer "golden hellos" in areas of 8, like science and language teaching. America has experimented at state level 9 merit pay and payment by results, but often in the teeth of opposition from the teachers' unions. In schools reform, structural progress—new sorts of schools, reorganised old ones, new exams— can happen very fast. Better teachers 10 much longer to form. They should be made the priority.