单选题 Which one of the following statements best expresses the central concept of counter cyclical fiscal policy? A. Planned deficits are experienced during economic booms, and planned surpluses during economic recessions. B. The balanced budget approach is the proper criterion for determining annual budget policy. C. Deficits are planned during economic recessions, and surpluses are used to restrain inflationary booms.

【正确答案】 C

【答案解析】Countercyclical policy refers to the use of discretionary fiscal policy to minimize fluctuations in AD over the business cycle. For example, a planned budget deficit is enacted during a recession, while a planned budget surplus is enacted it the economy is operating above full employment (boom).