单选题
Psychologists have known for a century that individuals vary in their cognitive ability. But are some groups, like some people, reliably smarter than others? In order to answer that question, we grouped 697 volunteer participants into teams of two to five members. Each team worked together to complete a series of short tasks, which were selected to represent the varied kinds of problems that groups are called upon to solve in the real world. One task involved logical analysis, another brainstorming; others emphasized coordination, planning and moral reasoning.
Individual intelligence, as psychologists measure it, is defined by its generality: People with good vocabularies, for instance, also tend to have good math skills, even though we often think of those abilities as distinct. The results of our studies showed that this same kind of general intelligence also exists for teams. On average, the groups that did well on one task did well on the others, too. In other words, some teams were simply smarter than others.
We found the smartest teams were distinguished by three characteristics. First, their members contributed more equally to the team"s discussions, rather than letting one or two people dominate the group. Second, their members scored higher on a test called Reading the Mind in the Eyes, which measures how well people can read complex emotional states from images of faces with only the eyes visible. Finally, teams with more women outperformed teams with more men. This last effect, however, was partly explained by the fact that women, on average, were better at "mindreading" than men.
In a new study, we replicated these earlier findings. We randomly assigned each of 68 teams to complete our collective intelligence test in one of two conditions. Half of the teams worked face to face. The other half worked online, with no ability to see any of their teammates. We wanted to see whether groups that worked online would still demonstrate collective intelligence, and whether social ability would matter as much when people communicated purely by typing messages into a browser.
And they did. Online and off, some teams consistently worked smarter than others. More surprisingly, the most important ingredients for a smart team remained constant regardless of its mode of interaction: members who communicated a lot, participated equally and possessed good emotion-reading skills.
单选题
It can be inferred from the first paragraph that ______.
【正确答案】
C
【答案解析】[解析] 推断题。根据题干关键词定位到第一段。此题可用排除法。根据But are some groups, like some people, reliably smarter than others?无法推断出A项“一些团队确实比其他团队聪明”。根据we grouped 697 volunteer participants into teams...Each team worked together to complete a series of short tasks可知B项“697名志愿者需要一起完成一系列小任务”与原文不符。根据which were selected to represent the varied kinds of problems that groups are called upon to solve in the real world可知C项“精选的小任务必须要有实际意义”符合原文。根据One task involved logical analysis, another brainstorming; others emphasized...可知D项“逻辑分析和头脑风暴在每个任务中都很重要”与原文不符。因此C项为正确答案。
单选题
According to psychologists, individual intelligence ______.
【正确答案】
A
【答案解析】[解析] 细节题。根据题干关键词定位到第二段。根据第一句Individual intelligence, as psychologists measure it, is defined by its generality(心理学家们经过测试发现，个人智力具有普遍性)可知，A项“具有普遍性的特点”符合题意，为正确答案。B项“与数学技能相关”属于过度推断，C项“与团队无关”与The results of our studies showed that this same kind of general intelligence also exists for teams. 不符，D项“是聪明团队的关键”在文中没有依据。
单选题
According to the author, the characteristics of smarter teams include all the following EXCEPT ______.
【正确答案】
B
【答案解析】[解析] 细节题。根据题干关键词定位到第三段。此题可用排除法。根据their members contributed more equally to the team"s discussions可排除A项“团队成员在小组讨论中有比较均衡的贡献”。根据Second, their members scored higher on a test called Reading the Mind in the Eyes, which measures how well people can read complex emotional states from images of faces with only the eyes visible. 可排除C项“团队成员有较强的解读复杂面部表情的能力”。根据teams with more women outperformed teams with more men. 可排除D项“比其他团队有更多的女性成员”。故B项“团队成员有较高的智商”原文没有提到，符合题干，为正确答案。
单选题
In a new study, the other half of people work online because ______.
【正确答案】
C
【答案解析】[解析] 细节题。根据题干关键词定位到第四段。根据We wanted to see whether groups that worked online would still demonstrate collective intelligence, and whether social ability would matter as much when people communicated purely by typing messages into a browser.可知C项“实验者想看看在那种情况下，集体智慧是否会出现”符合题意，为正确答案。A项“保证实验的准确性是必要的”，B项“网络协作正在变得越来越重要”，D项“实验者想证明社交能力在每一个团队都是重要的”，均与原文不符。