【正确答案】Speech act theory was proposed by Austin and has been developed by Searle. Basically, they believe that language is not only used to inform or to describe things, it is often used to “do things”, to perform acts. Austin suggests three basic senses in which in saying something one is doing something and three kinds of acts are performed simultaneously: locutionary act, illocutionary act and perlocutionary act Illocutionary act or illocutionary force refers to the effect the utterance or written text has on the reader or listener. It is about the extra meaning of the utterance or written text produced on the basis of its literal meaning. Eg. “I am thirty”: The literal meaning is what the utterance says about the speakers physical state. The illocutionary force is the effect the speaker wants the utterance to have on the listener. It may be intended as a request for something to drink.

【答案解析】无