单选题 Fear can be an effective way to change behavior. One study compared the effects of high-fear and low-fear appeals on changes in attitudes and behaviors related to dental hygiene(卫生). One group of subjects was shown awful pictures of      29    teeth and diseased gums; another group was shown less frightening materials such as plastic teeth, charts, and graphs. Subjects who saw the frightening materials reported more anxiety and a greater     30    to change the way they took care of their teeth than the low-fear group did.
    But were these reactions actually     31    into better dental hygiene practices? To answer this important question, subjects were called back to the laboratory on two     32    (five days and six weeks after the experiment). They chewed disclosing wafers(牙疾诊断片)that give a red stain to any uncleaned areas of the teeth and thus provided a direct     33    of how well they were really taking care of their teeth. The result showed that the high-fear appeal did actually result in greater and more     34    changes in dental hygiene. That is, the subjects     35    to high-fear warnings brushed their teeth more     36    than did those who saw low-fear warnings.
    However, to be an effective persuasive device it is very important that the message not be too frightening and that people be given     37    guidelines to help them to reduce the cause of the fear. If this isn't done, they may reduce their anxiety by denying the message or the     38    of the communicator. If that happens. it is unlikely that either attitude or behavior change will occur.
    A.accustomed    B.carefully    C.cautiously    D.concrete
    E.credibility    F.decayed      G.desire        I.dimensions
    I.eligible      J.exposed      K.indication    L.occasions
    M.permanent      N.sensitivity  O.translated
问答题    
 
【正确答案】F
【答案解析】空格前的of和空格后的名词teeth表明此处应填入修饰teeth的词。根据下文diseased gums可知,展示的是让人恐惧的图片,因此选decayed一词,decayed teeth意为“蛀牙”。
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【正确答案】G
【答案解析】空格前的a greater表明此处应填入可数名词的单数形式。词库中的名词较多,可先排除复数名词dimensions和occasions。再根据上文看了恐怖图片的人会更焦虑,可推知这些人就会有“动力”去改变护理牙齿的方法,名词desire“愿望”符合句意。
问答题    
 
【正确答案】O
【答案解析】由these reactions...into better dental hygiene practices可知本句大意:这些反应能否变为更好的口腔卫生习惯。空格处应填入表示“转变,变成”的动词过去分词。与were构成被动语态,且能与介词into搭配使用,词库中translated符合要求。文中translated into意为“转变成……”。
问答题    
 
【正确答案】L
【答案解析】空格前的数词two表明此处应填入可数名词的复数形式,词库中的dimensions和occasions符合语法要求。再结合括号中的内容(在实验后的5天和实验后的6周),可知此处说的是这些研究对象被两度请回了实验室,occasions“时刻,时节”符合句意。而且该词常与介词on搭配,on two occasions意为“两次”。dimensions“方面;维度(如长度、高等);尺寸,大小”不符合句意,且不能与on搭配。
问答题    
 
【正确答案】K
【答案解析】空格前是不定冠词a和形容词direct,空格后是of,因此应填入名词的单数形式。根据上一分句,牙齿有任何不干净的地方,牙疾诊断片上就会有一个红斑,可知空格所在分句说的是牙疾诊断片可以直接“显示”研究对象护理牙齿达到什么程度。indication“表明;显示”符合句意。
问答题    
 
【正确答案】M
【答案解析】空格后为名词changes,再结合空格前的形容词比较级greater,判定应填入被more修饰的形容词。本句意为:结果表明高度恐惧诉求确实对口腔卫生产生了更大和更……的变化,形容词库中的permanent“长久的”符合语义。上文提到,在实验的5天后和6周后把研究对象请回实验室,看他们护牙习惯的改变程度,这主要涉及时间因素,所以选permanent。下文提到,有的研究对象刷牙更认真些,这涉及护牙的态度(对应greater changes)。这个实验没有提到具体牙齿护理的方法,故不选concrete。
问答题    
 
【正确答案】J
【答案解析】分析整句结构,该句主干为the subjects brushed their teeth,空格处与to high-fear warnings一同修饰subjects,作其后置定语,填入空格的词可为形容词或分词,且能与介词to搭配。再结合上文提到的向某些研究对象展示蛀牙等可怕的图片,由此可知此处说的是“看到高度恐惧警示物的研究对象”。词库中的过去分词exposed符合语法和句意要求,exposed to意为“接触到……的”。
问答题    
 
【正确答案】B
【答案解析】more...用来修饰动词短语brushed their teeth,因此推断空格处应为副词。词库中只有carefully和cautiously两个备选项。carefully符合句意:看到高度恐惧警示物的研究对象刷牙更仔细。cautiously“谨慎地”程度过重,因此不选。
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【正确答案】D
【答案解析】空格后为名词,所以此处可填入分词、名词或形容词修饰guidelines“指导”。词库中形容词concrete“具体的;明确的”符合语义逻辑,意为“给人们具体的指导以帮助他们……”。eligible可指“合适的”,但它表示的是适合作为婚姻对象(如a rich eligible bachelor),因而排除。
问答题    
 
【正确答案】E
【答案解析】空格前后的the和of提示,此处应填入一个名词。再根据本句句意:如果没有做到这些(信息不能太吓人、给予指导),他们就有可能通过否定这些信息或信息传递者的……,来减轻焦虑。名词库中的credibility“可信度”填入句中,句意通顺。