翻译题
Nominally, this year should be a good year for mental health. On 13 and 14 April, the World Health Organization (WHO) and the World Bank will hold an unprecedented joint conference to discuss mental health as both a global disease and an economic problem. It is a welcome gesture after many slights. Mental illness was left out of the United Nations' influential high-level meeting on non-communicable diseases (NCDs) five years ago. Almost begrudgingly, the UN gave mental health a brief mention in the entry for NCDs in its Sustainable Development Goals last year. 【F1】As well as reducing deaths from NCDs such as heart disease by one-third, it said, the world should also "promote mental health and well-being". 【F2】The UN failed to recognize that in terms of impact, mental disorders are at least as harmful as those better-recognized and better-funded diseases. Many developed countries scarcely give mental illness more than lip service. 【F3】Underlying much of the neglect is the persistent bias, conscious or not, towards believing that many mental-health conditions are a moral failing rather than the result of complex biology, despite ovenvhelming evidence for the latter. For poor countries tormented by infectious and childhood diseases, it can be easier to confine people with severe mental disorders than to try to treat them. And treatment is hard to find the world over: globally, there are only nine mental-health providers for every 100,000 people, and some countries have only one or two providers. 【F4】Even in developed countries, people find it difficult to consider depression as a condition to be combated with the same clarity of purpose as heart disease. This is worsened by the failure to develop drugs for depression that are as clear-cut and effective as statins. The annual Mental Illness Awareness Week in October promotes mental health, as do many organizations devoted to erasing the stigma and bias that harm patients and inhibit politicians. But so much more is needed in terms of improved treatments and access to care. Finance ministers at the meeting next week should recognize the positive economic returns of investing in this direction. The UN, the WHO, the World Bank and governments should be expected to contribute something concrete to this pressing issue. 【F5】The summit's attendees should come away with plans for creating specific development targets, and mechanisms for funding research, ensuring that treatment is available in low-income countries, and holding nations responsible for giving mental illnesses as prominent a place in health care as other NCDs.
【答案解析】①本句为简单句，主干为主谓宾结构，and连接两个并列的宾语mental health和well-being。②句首As well as意为“和……一样”；现在分词短语reducing death…by one third作伴随状语；from NCDs为deaths的后置定语，说明是非传染病导致的死亡；such as heart disease为插人语，对NCDs作举例说明；by one-third为方式状语，说明减少的比例。③第一个逗号之后的it said可视为插入语。
问答题2.【F2】
【正确答案】联合国没能认识到，就影响而言，精神障碍至少与那些更为公认和投入资金更多的疾病一样有害。
【答案解析】①本句为主从复合句，包含一个宾语从句。主句为主谓宾结构，that引导的宾语从句充当主句的宾语。②宾语从句中，in terms of impact为介词短语作状语成分，意为“就影响方面而言”；宾语从句中包含一个比较结构as harmful as，意为“与……一样有害”。比较的主体是mental disorders和those…diseases。③句末的better-recognized and better-funded为and连接的两个并列形容词，修饰diseases。
【答案解析】①本句为主从复合句，包含一个宾语从句。②主句主语为现在分词短语Underlying much of the neglect，underlying意为“位于……之下”；第一个逗号之后的部分，conscious or not可视为插入语，意为“有意识或是无意识的”。③介词towards引出的成分作the persistent bias的后置定语，修饰the persistent bias，说明持续已久的偏见的具体内容。④that引导的从句作believing的宾语，宾语从句为主系表结构，rather than连接两个并列的表语a moral failing和the result of complex biology，意为“道德败坏”和“复杂生物作用的结果”；…rather than…意为“是……而不是……”；the result of意为“……的结果”。句末的介词短语despite overwhelming evidence for the latter在宾语从句中作让步状语。
问答题4.【F4】
【正确答案】即使在发达国家，人们发现很难将抑郁症当作心脏病一样，有明确目标与之斗争。
【答案解析】①本句为简单句，主干为people find it difficult to do sth．，意为“人们发现……是困难的”；句首的Even in developed countries在句子中作地点状语。②主干部分中，it为形式宾语，不定式短语to…disease为真正宾语；不定式结构中，consider…as…意为“把……看作……”；其后的不定式短语to be combated…作condition的后置定语。③句末of purpose作clarity的后置定语，修饰clarity，意为“明确目标”。