Large companies need way to reach the savings of the public. The same problem, on a smaller scale, faces practically every company trying to develop new products and create new jobs. There can be little prospect of raising the money needed from friends and people we know, and{{U}} (9) {{/U}}, they are generally unwilling to provide money on a permanent basis for long term projects.{{U}} (10) {{/U}}, inviting people to lend them money, or take a share in the business in exchange for a share in future profits. They do this by issuing stocks and shares through the stock exchange.{{U}} (11) {{/U}}.
When the saver wants to have his money back,{{U}} (12) {{/U}}. Instead, he sells his shares through a stockbroker to some other saver who is seeking to invest his money.
Many of the services needed both by industry and by each of us are provided by the Government. Without hospital, roads, electricity, telephone, railways, etc.,{{U}} (13) {{/U}}. All these require continuous spending on new equipment if they are to serve us properly, requiring more money than is raised through taxes alone. The Government and industries therefore frequently need to borrow money to finance major capital spending, and{{U}} (14) {{/U}}.
There is hardly a man or woman in the country whose job or whose standard of living does not depend on the ability of his or her employer to raise money to finance new development. In one way or another this new money must come from the savings of the country. The stock exchange exists to provide a channel through which these savings can reach those who need money.
A. he goes to the bank and borrows money from it
B. they, too, go to the stock exchange
C. it's hard to imagine how to live in the town
D. while banks may agree to provide short-term loans
E. the country could not function
F. by doing so they can put into use the savings of individuals and institutions
G. so companies turn to the public
H. he does not have to go to the company which has borrowed his money