【答案解析】A joint venture shall set up a board of directors, the number and composition of which shall be specified in the contract and articles of association by the parties to the joint venture through consultation. The directors shall be appointed by the parties. The board of directors shall be the highest authority of the joint venture. It shall decide all important matters concerning the joint venture. [解析] 汉语原文为两句，而英语则译为四句。拆句和合句的翻译技巧可根据上下文连贯的需要灵活使用。在此例中，也可保留原来的句子结构，即把前两句和后两句各用一连词and相连，成为两个并列句。此外，在这一类规定条例文献中，shall在主句中的使用频率相当高，表达一种平等的、公平的责任和义务等。此外，“合营各方”在本例中根据上下文就有不同译法，请予关注。

【答案解析】The chairman of the board shall be determined by the parties through consultation or elected by the board of directors. The chairman is the legal representative of the joint venture. When the chairman is unable to perform his duties, he shall authorize another director to represent the joint venture. [解析] 本例原文和译文各为三句，结构并不很复杂，除了第三句为一复合句以外。注意第一句中“(由)合营各方协商”的主谓结构英译采用了介词短语by the parties through consultation。

【答案解析】The board meeting shall be called and presided over by the chairman. It shall be held only when over two-thirds of the directors are present. If a director is unable to attend the meeting, he may issue a power of attorney to appoint a proxy to represent him and vote on his behalf. [解析] 后两句的翻译略有难度。注意名词短语“董事会会议”重复使用时可改用代词it。此外，从句“董事不能出席的”应译为条件状语。“委托书”也可译为letter of attorney，letter of authorization，certificate of trustment，“他人”译为proxy是较正式的表达，译成常用的another person也可接受。

【答案解析】Detailed minutes of the board meeting shall be prepared in Chinese and English, which shall be delivered to each director within fourteen (14) days of the conclusion of the meeting to be signed and confirmed by the directors who attended the board meeting.[解析] 为一复合句，注意英译文结构从形式上看似乎比汉语要严谨、紧凑一些，采用了两个由which和who引导的定语结构，且主句和从句均采用了被动结构(shall be prepared，shall be delivered)，包括不定式中的被动态(to be signed and confirmed)，而汉语形式上仍采用主动态。