【正确答案】 1、正确答案：Descriptive translation studies is defined by Holmes as one of the two subdivision of Pure Translation Studies. It is Toury who has developed the notion of DTS to the greatest extent. For him, DTS is a target-text-oriented discipline consisting of " carefully performed studies into well-defined corpuses, or sets of problems". Holmes originally divides DTS into three categories, function-oriented DTS being one of them. This approach is concerned with analyzing the function of translation in the context of the recipient cultural and social setting, and typically addresses such issues as cultural preference in translation, and its influence.