If he had really been there, I ( ) have seen him.
考查虚拟语气。根据 if 条件从句中的 had really been there 可知,这是与过去事实相反的虚拟语气,因此从句谓语动词用 had+ 过去分词的形式,主句谓语动词用 would / should / could / might+have+ 过去分词的形式。故 C 项正确。