【正确答案】正确答案：In academic writing, the third person is always used. "The author" should be used to replace "I" , while in this thesis, "I" is used for many times. Another point is that the contracted forms, such as "it"s" and "I"ll" should be avoided. They should be written in their full forms, that is, "it is" , "I will". The third point is that in academic writing, the passive voice should be used to replace the active voice. For example, "So I"ll only choose one important and active member in the rhetoric family—metaphor" should be improved into: " So only one important and active member in the rhetoric family—metaphor will be investigated in this thesis". The last point is the author"s diction. In academic writing, words like "think" should be replaced by "assume" , "maybe" replaced by "probably".(8 points) As for the causes of inappropriate writing, the main reason is the student"s ignorance of the difference between spoken English and academic writing. His/Her ignorance of the features of academic writing will make himself/ herself rely on the writing strategies that had served him/her well in high school. There are three concepts that people need to understand about the academic paper. Firstly, academic writing is written by scholars for other scholars. Secondly, academic writing is devoted to topics and questions that are of interest to the academic community. Finally, academic writing should present the readers with an informed argument.(6 points) Therefore, teachers of English should inform students of the distinctive linguistic features of academic writing. For example: It has a clear structure; it has fewer clauses per sentence than spoken English, but more words per phrase; it has more nouns, especially abstract ones, and fewer verbs; it always uses the third person, rarely uses the first person, and never uses the second person; it avoids colloquial vocabulary, and phrasal verbs, e. g. look into, preferring to a single word rather than polysyllabic verbs, e. g. investigate. Another thing that English teachers should do is that during their teaching, they should tell the students the genre of the word, that is, whether it is a formal word, or a colloquial word. The last advice for English teachers is that they should provide some samples for the students to read, so that the students can understand the features of academic writing.(8 points)

【答案解析】解析：考查英文学术语言的特点，导致学生出现错误的原因以及如何教授学术写作。正式的英文学术语言首要的一个特征是正式性和严肃性，具体体现为不用简写，不用口语，不用个人语气，不直接引用别人的原话或对话，学术文章要求客观、严谨、条理清楚、逻辑清晰，没有或者极少有个人的感情色彩。英文学术语言的第二个特征是经常使用被动语态。第三个特征是用词准确，句式多变。而所给例子中用了大量的第一人称，缩略词，并采用了大量的口语及非正式用词。在教学过程中，教师首先要教授学生学术写作与普通写作的区别以及学术语言的特点，其次应该提供大量的材料供学生对比与学习。