【正确答案】Key points: Organizational charts reveal a company's management structure and how information flows. The pyramid chart reveals a hierarchy, a formal chain of command with management on the top and the labor force on the bottom. Information flows up, and orders flow down. The pyramid is logical and orderly, but decision-making can take a long time. The wheel chart reveals an integrated company, with management at the hub and the labor force on the rim. Information flows around the rim in both directions. The wheel chart implies a policy of open communication.

【答案解析】[解析] No matter what size a business is, its organizational chart shows who is in charge of what, and who reports to whom. Organizational charts direct the flow of information so people can communicate in an orderly way. Many companies have an organizational chart in the shape of a pyramid. In the pyramid chart, the labor force is on the bottom, supporting the whole structure. In the middle are the various layers of management, one on top of the other, all the way up to the chief executive officer at the top. The pyramid structure defines a formal chain of command. Information flows up the chain, and orders flow down. The pyramid is logical and orderly. Everyone knows his or her place in the hierarchy. However, with the pyramid, decision-making ean take a long time because everything has to work its way up and down the chain of command. Other companies have an organizational chart that looks more like a bicycle wheel. The wheel chart reveals a more integrated organization. Management is the hub, and all the departments are the spokes giving the wheel its shape. The labor force is the rim. Information flows around the rim in both directions, and up and down the spokes. The wheel chart implies a policy of open communication throughout the organization. This means that any staff member can go anywhere in the company to ask questions and get answers. Using points and details from the lecture, explain what the pyramid chart and the wheel chart reveal about a company.