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Nurse! I Want My Mummy When a child is ill in hospital, a parent's first reaction is to be {{U}}(51) {{/U}} them. Most hospitals now allow parents to sleep {{U}}(52) {{/U}} with their child, providing a bed or sofa on the ward. But until the 1970s this {{U}}(53) {{/U}} was not only frowned upon (不赞同) -- it was actively discouraged. Staff worried that the children would be {{U}}(54) {{/U}} when their parents left, and so there was a blanket (通用的) ban. A concerned nurse, Pamela Hawthorn, disagreed and her study "Nurse, I want my mummy!" published in 1974, {{U}}(55) {{/U}} the face of paediatric (儿科的) nursing. Martin Johnson, a professor of nursing at the University of Salford, said that the work of {{U}}(56) {{/U}} like Pamela had changed the face of patient care. "Pamela's study was done against the {{U}}(57) {{/U}} of a lively debate in paediatrics and psychology as to the degree women should spend with children in the outside world and the degree to which they should be allowed to visit children in {{U}}(58) {{/U}}. " "The idea was that if mum came to {{U}}(59) {{/U}} a small child in hospital the child would be upset and inconsolable (无法安慰的) for hours. " "Yet the nurse noticed that if mum did not come at {{U}}(60) {{/U}} the child stayed in a relatively stable state but they might be depressed. " "Of course we know now that they had almost given up hope {{U}}(61) {{/U}} mum was ever coming back. " "To avoid a little bit of pain they said that no one should visit. " "But children were alone and depressed, so Hawthorn said parents should be {{U}}(62) {{/U}} to visit. " Dr. Peter Carter, chief executive and general secretary of the Royal College of Nursing, said her {{U}}(63) {{/U}} had been seminal (开创性的). "Her research put an end to the {{U}}(64) {{/U}} when parents handed their children over to strangers at the door of the hospital ward. " "As a result of her work, parents are now recognized as partners in care and are afforded the opportunity to stay with their children while they are in hospital, {{U}}(65) {{/U}} has dramatically improved both parents' and children's experience of care. " |