单选题 In this section there are four passages followed by questions or unfinished statements, each with four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer.
Across the Washington area last week, young workers from Europe arrived in droves, heading for jobs at community swimming pools. Lugging duffel bags, they filled out forms, picked up safety gear and chatted in a variety of Slavic languages, eager to plunge into a summer experience of new friends, skills and culture.
"Now I can meet many people and see America," gushed Anzhala Scherbina, 21, a petite student from Ukraine whose family spent $3,000 so she could fly here and enter a US-sponsored work-travel program. "My parents say this will be a very good experience," she said with a giggle.
The Obama administration is going to great lengths to make sure Scherbina and about 100,000 other foreign student workers are not disappointed. Last summer, the popular program, aimed at creating good will abroad, was rocked by scandal when students working at a candy warehouse in Pennsylvania staged a protest, complaining of isolation and overwork.
On May 11, the State Department issued rules that ban foreign students from jobs that could be harmful, limited them to light, seasonal occupations that are not likely to displace US workers and required closer scrutiny of their conditions.
But the new rules do not address a broader, more profound question that some immigration and labor experts have raised about many sectors of the economy. Today, more than 50 million Americans of traditional working age are not employed, and yet a growing number of domestic jobs—from hotel clerks to nurses to computer scientists— are being performed by foreign-born workers.
For college-age Americans, there is a high rate of unemployment among those from poor families and fierce competition among middle-class students to build résumés that show responsibility. So why, critics wonder, are fewer young Americans snapping up relatively easy summer jobs? In other words, why is Scherbina here?
"The glory isn't there any more. A lot of young Americans just don't want to be lifeguards," said Douglas Winkler, whose Hyattsville company manages 225 pools in residential complexes and hotels. When his father started the firm in the 1950s, all the guards were local kids. Today, one-third of Winkler's seasonal staff of 650 pool workers are foreign students, mostly from Eastern Europe.
"The international students are really grateful to be here and have a job, while American students have so many other activities and demands on their time now," he said. "I truly wish we didn't have to rely so much on international labor, but the bottom line is that we don't have any choice."
At the much larger High Sierra Pools in Arlington County, managers hired about 600 Americans and 900 foreign students for the summer. One reason for the lopsided numbers, they said, is the United States' longer academic years and sports programs that cut into the summer, leaving the company scrambling to fill shifts.
"We have to staff pools from Memorial Day to Labor Day, and the Americans can't commit to the entire season," said Radac Kaczor, a manager at High Sierra who is from Poland. "For us to replace them with international workers requires a lot of effort. We have to find them housing and make sure they have good English and swimming skills. If we could fill our staff with 100 percent Americans, we would."

单选题 According to the first two paragraphs, young workers from Europe want the summer jobs in the United States because ______.

A. they want to make money and build their own business
B. their summer vacation is too long and dull
C. the jobs help them increase knowledge, experience American culture, and make friends
D. they need money to pay for their education abroad

单选题 The Obama administration made an effort to ensure that European student workers ______.

A. would not replace local workers so that unemployment rate would not grow
B. would have a good experience of the American culture and make friends
C. could get some light and interesting jobs so that they would not complain
D. would be protected by the law so that they are not overworked

单选题 According to Paragraph 4, which of the following describes the purpose of the rules issued by the Pennsylvania State Department?

A. To regulate the behavior of protest students.
B. To maintain an equal job market that will allow all Americans to benefit.
C. To restrict the jobs of foreigners to protect the occupations of American people.
D. To reduce unemployment rate of foreign students.

单选题 The phrase "snap up" in Paragraph 6 is closest in meaning to ______.

A. employ
B. snatch
C. scramble for
D. take off

单选题 The firms which provide lifeguards for swimming pools hire ______.

A. Europeans whose English and swimming skills are good
B. more Americans than Europeans
C. Americans only to fill all their positions
D. Americans from Memorial Day to Labor Day