【正确答案】 1、正确答案：1. Passive voice is prevalent in English in that it gives an impression of objectiveness through avoiding mentioning the doer. Yet in languages like Chinese and Japanese, passive voice is used far less frequently: moreover, it usually expresses negative meanings, so it is called "the inflective voice". Thus E-C translation usually involves changing the syntactic passive into the notional passive. In other words, in Chinese we use active voice to express passive meanings in order to avoid awkwardness or unnecessary negative sense. 2. English is a hypotactic language, while Chinese is a paratactic one. By hypotaxis is meant that the language has strict grammatical rules as well as various syntactic devices and function words to make the text an organic and logical whole. The relation between the segments is very close. In contrast, Chinese is not bestowed with a rigid grammatical system, and the relation between constituents is loose. So Chinese defies very long sentences , and a Chinese text is related through the underlying notional relationship rather than syntactic ones. It in turn determines that Chinese prefers to observe the principle of temporal sequence, namely, to narrate things according to the sequence that actually happened. Enlightened by the discussion above, the translated version rightly rearranged the sequence of the original, clipped the sentences, and omitted most function words, especially relative pronouns and adverbs.