Alfred Nobel, a Swedish inventor contributed most of his vast fortune in a trust as a fund from which annual prizes could be awarded to individuals and organizations who had achieved the greatest benefit to humanity in a particular year. Originally, there were six classifications for outstanding contributions designated in Nobel"s will including chemistry, physics, medicine, literature, and international peace. The prizes are administrated by the Nobel Foundation in Stockholm. In 1969, a prize for economics endowed by the Central Bank of Sweden was added. Candidates for the prizes must be nominated in writing by qualified authority in the field of competition. Recipients are selected by their respective institutions. The prizes are usually presented in Stockholm on December 10, with the King of Sweden officiating, an appropriate tribute to Alfred Nobel on the anniversary of his death. Each one includes a gold medal, a diploma, and a cash award of about a million dollars.
单选题 What does this passage mainly discuss?
【正确答案】 B
【答案解析】解析：本题为大意题，只需要参考文章的主题句(第1个句子)即可。同时，要明确主题句中的关键信息。此处的关键信息有两点：Alfred Nobel和prizes，而B选项正好包含了这两点概念。
单选题 Why were the prizes named for Alfred Nobel?
【正确答案】 A
【答案解析】解析：文章的第一段中包含了关键词…contributed most of his vast fortune in a trust as a fund form…designated in Nobel"s will…，与A选项意思和用词相近。所以，可以确认A为正确选项。其他选项的内容为错误信息或无关信息。
单选题 How often are the Nobel prizes awarded?
【正确答案】 B
【答案解析】解析：本题的依据信息为prizes的修饰词，在第2行可以看到这个修饰词为annual，意思为“每一年”，所以确认B为正确答案。
单选题 A Nobel prize would NOT be given to ______.
【正确答案】 C
【答案解析】解析：本题为正误判断题型。只需逐项在文章中找到每一项选择内容的依据，确认没有依据的选项。在此处，只有C的内容在文中没有依据，其他选项内容都有出现的地方。
单选题 Why are the awards presented on December 10?
【正确答案】 D
【答案解析】解析：首先明确题干上的关键词December 10，再在文章中找到出现此信息的依据句 (倒数第2个句子)，明确这个句子的关键信息词…on the anniversary of his death，就可以确认D为正确答案。其他选项属于无关信息或错误信息。