阅读理解 It's fairly well known that a bad diet, a lack of exercise, and genetics can all contribute to type 2 diabetes. But a new global study points to an additional, surprising culprit: the air pollution emitted by cars and trucks.
Though other research has shown a link between diabetes and air pollution in the past, this study is one of the largest of its kind, and it's unique because it both is longitudinal and includes several types of controls. What's more, it also quantifies exactly how many diabetes cases in the world are attributable to air pollution; 14 percent in 2016 alone. In the United States, it found, air pollution is responsible for 150,000 cases of diabetes.
The study, published in The Lancet Planetary Health, linked data from 1. 7 million American veterans who had been followed for a median of 8. 5 years with air data from the EPA and NASA. It also aggregated past international research on diabetes and air pollution to devise a model to estimate diabetes risk based on the level of pollution, and it used the Global Burden of Disease study to estimate how many years of healthy life were lost due to this air-pollution-induced diabetes. Globally, 8. 2 million years of healthy life were lost in 2016 to pollution-linked diabetes, it showed.
The study authors controlled for things like obesity and BMI, so it wasn't the case that heavier people simply lived in more polluted neighborhoods and were also more likely to get diabetes.
The particles examined in this study are known as PM2. 5, or particulate matter that's 2. 5 micrometers big—30 times smaller than a human hair. They are emitted by various types of industry and fuel burning, but in the United States, the biggest source of PM2. 5 is cars, says Ziyad Al-Aly, the study's senior author and an assistant professor of medicine at Washington University at St. Louis. When there's lots of PM2. 5 in the air, the air might look smoggy or hazy. In lighter concentrations, the particles are invisible.

单选题 31.What's NOT the commonly-known cause of type 2 diabetes?

【正确答案】 D

【答案解析】细节题。根据题干定位到第一段。这里问什么不是二型糖尿病的常见诱因，其实就是对第一段第一句的同义改写。[A]“不良饮食”，[B]“缺乏锻炼”，[C]“基因问题”都是在第一句中提到的。只有[D]“空气污染”是最新研究发现的，不能称作是众所周知的，因此应该选择[D]。

单选题 32.What's special of this new global study?

【正确答案】 C

【答案解析】推理判断题。根据选项定位到第二段。[A]“展示了糖尿病和空气污染之间的联系”这是别的实验也能做出的成果，错误；[B]“同类试验中最大的”，并不是特别之处；[D]“精确量化了有多少糖尿病会导致空气污染”，因果颠倒，不正确；[C]“它既是纵向研究，又包括几种类型的对照组”是文中提到的特殊原因，因此是正确选项。

单选题 33.What kind of data does the study mobilize?

单选题 34.Which of the following is true according to the passage?

【正确答案】 C

【答案解析】推理判断题。根据选项定位到第四段和第五段。[A]“更胖的人更容易得糖尿病”，与第四段最后一句意思正好相反，因此错误；[B]“PM2．5是2．5毫米大的颗粒物”，这里单位错误，micrometer不是millimeter，微米也不是毫米，因此不正确；[D]“美国的PM2．5主要来源于工业和燃烧能源”，根据第五段的描述这也是错误的，美国的PM2．5主要来自汽车尾气；[C]是文中的原句，因此应该选[C]。

单选题 35.What's this passage mainly about?

【正确答案】 B

【答案解析】主旨题。总结文章的主要内容，需要通读文章之后再做判断，片面的选项都不能概括文章全貌。[A]是文章中的一句话，没有概括性；[C]“空气污染在美国很严重”也不是文章的重点；[D]“一个研究很成功很重要”也太过片面；能够概括全文重点的只有[B]“一项研究强化了汽车排放的颗粒物与糖尿病之间的联系”。因此应该选择[B]。