【正确答案】Language is a mirror of the mind in a deep and significant sense. It is a product of human intelligence, created anew in each individual by operations that lie far beyond the reach of will or consciousness. (Chomsky, Reflections on Language, 1975) The study of "language and mind" aims to model the workings of the mind in relation to language. Since structures and connections inthe mind are inevitably unobservable, researchers put forward hypotheses based on fragmentary clues. This accounts for the high degree of controversy which surrounds almost all areas of the subject. The label most usually given to the study of "language and mind" is psycholinguistics, a term which is often perceived as being trendy. It has therefore been somewhat overused in recent years, and can be found applied to just about any linguistic topic. Psycholinguistics "proper" can perhaps be glossed as the storage, comprehension, production and acquisition of language in any medium (Spoken or written).
Psycholinguistics is concerned primarily with investigating the psychological reality of linguistic structures. Less modestly, it sometimes also produces findings which make their own mark on linguistic research, leading to the modification of theoretical ideas.
If we view the task of psycholinguistics in the light of the general paradigm of cognitive psychology, it becomes identified with the search for behavioral manifestations of linguistic constructs. As psychology, in its modem guise, uses an experimental methodology, it also follows that such behavioral manifestations will be studied under experimental conditions, and it is reasonable to see the last thirty years or so of psycholinguistics in terms of the construction of ingenious laboratory techniques for pursuing this goal.
It is perhaps useful to distinguish psycholinguistics from the Psychology of language, which deals with more general topics such as the extent to which language shapes thought, and from the Psychology of Communication, which includes non-verbal communication such as gestures and facial expressions. A possible divide within psycholinguistics is of those who style themselves Cognitive Psycholinguists as opposed to Experimental Psycholinguists. The former are concerned above all with making inferences about the content of the human mind, whereas the latter are somewhat more concerned with empirical matters, such as speed of response to a particular word. In practice the two schools often overlap, but extreme supporters of each way of thinking sometimes perceive the gap as being a large one.

【答案解析】[解析] 本题考查语言与思维(心理)之间关系。语言是思维的镜子，而研究语言与思维的科学是心理语言学。