1. A Reading Passage Read the following passage carefully. One of the great maritime mysteries concerns the fate of the crew of the Mary Celeste. On December 4, 1872, the ship was located adrift near the Azores Islands in the Atlantic Ocean with the crew gone and a lifeboat missing. No sign of the crew has ever been found. Since then, people have speculated about what happened to make the crew abandon their seaworthy vessel. Numerous theories abound, but three are considered the most likely to be accurate. There is a strong possibility that the weather caused the crew to depart the Mary Celeste. The ship's sails were tattered and found in awkward positions for sailing. In addition, water damage in many of the ship's cabins and deep water in the hold suggested that large waves had struck the ship. With the sails unusable, perhaps the crew deemed the ship unmanageable and therefore took to the lifeboat, which was subsequently lost at sea. The Mary Celeste was transporting a large cargo of industrial alcohol, which was dangerous because its fumes could have leaked and built up in the cargo hold. If this had happened, the crew might have feared a massive explosion was about to occur. If something such as a small buildup of pressure blew the hatches off the cargo hold, the crew may have abandoned the ship to save their lives from a potentially catastrophic explosion. A third theory centers on traces of blood found on the ship's deck as well as a sword. Some speculate that the crew mutinied, murdered the captain, and then departed on the lifeboat lest they be imprisoned and punished when the ship made port. Not wanting news of their misdeeds to be known, the survivors on the lifeboat would have kept quiet about their actions on board the Mary Celeste. Outlining Write an outline of the reading passage in the space provided. Main Point ________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ Argument 1 ________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ Argument 2 ________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ Argument 3 ________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ Paraphrasing Exercises Read the following sentences. Then, paraphrase them. Be sure to include the key information in each sentence. 1 In addition, water damage in many of the ship's cabins and deep water in the hold suggested that large waves had struck the ship. →________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ 2 The Mary Celeste was transporting a large cargo of industrial alcohol, which was dangerous because its fumes could have leaked and built up in the cargo hold. →________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ 3 Not wanting news of their misdeeds to be known, the survivors on the lifeboat would have kept quiet about their actions on board the Mary Celeste. →________________________________________________ __________________________________________________
Outlining Main Point: Mary Celeste=ship found drifting in water w/no crew→is mystery what happened Argument 1: weather caused crew to abandon ship -sails found in tatters -water damage on ship→large waves may have hit Argument 2: was potential for large explosion of industrial alcohol -fumes could have leaked so crew feared explosion Argument 3: crew mutinied -blood found on deck+sword -crew killed captain and escaped on lifeboat→kept quiet so weren't imprisoned Paraphrasing Exercises 1 Damage from water in the cabins and water in the hold indicated that big waves had hit the ship. 2 The Mary Celeste's dangerous cargo of industrial alcohol might have leaked some fumes. 3 The survivors did not want people to know what they did, so they would have remained quiet.
2. B Listening Lecture Now listen to part of a lecture on the topic you just read about.
Note-Taking Main Point _______________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ Argument 1 _______________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ Argument 2 _______________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ Argument 3 _______________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ Paraphrasing Exercises Read the following sentences. Then, paraphrase them. Be sure to include the key information in each sentence. 1 Because the ship was in no danger of sinking, the captain surely wouldn't have ordered the crew to get into the small lifeboat. →________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ 2 Now the cargo, which was industrial alcohol, was known to leak fumes due to it being stored in wooden barrels back in the nineteenth century. →________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ 3 And while some people suspected the salvage crew might have killed everyone on the Mary Celeste, they were of high moral character and had never run afoul of the law before. →________________________________________________ __________________________________________________
Note-Taking Main Point: are serious issues with all theories about Mary Celeste Argument 1: weather didn't make ship unseaworthy -salvage crew sailed ship to Gibraltar -captain wouldn't have ordered crew into lifeboat Argument 2: alcohol didn't explode -no sign of explosion or fire+hatches were secure Argument 3: no proof of foul play -blood on deck wasn't human -crew and salvage crew had no history of violence Paraphrasing Exercises 1 The captain wouldn't have abandoned ship since it wasn't sinking. 2 Industrial alcohol often leaked fumes because of the barrels it was stored in in the 1800s. 3 Despite people's suspicions, the salvage crew was full of good people with no legal problems.
[听力原文] Now listen to part of a lecture on the topic you just read about. M Professor: So, uh, those are the known facts about the Mary Celeste. Now comes the intriguing part...What caused her crew to abandon a seaworthy vessel? There are many hypotheses—some quite outlandish but most historians have decided that three theories have the highest potential for being true. Even so, each of them has serious issues that make them doubtful. Let me explain... It's almost certainly true that the ship was damaged by the elements, but the weather did not make the ship unseaworthy. In fact, the salvage crew that found the Mary Celeste sailed her all the way to Gibraltar, urn, a considerable distance. Because the ship was in no danger of sinking, the captain surely wouldn't have ordered the crew to get into the small lifeboat. Now, uh, the cargo, which was industrial alcohol, was known to leak fumes due to it being stored in wooden barrels back in the nineteenth century. Yet when British experts in Gibraltar examined the ship, they found no sign of explosive damage or fire. All the cargo hatches were secure, and, uh, except for a few barrels that had leaked a bit, the cargo was secure. Foul play was long suspected but never proven conclusively. In fact, what were believed to be human bloodstains found on the ship were later shown by experts not to be human blood at all. No crew members had a previous history of violent crime. And while some people suspected the salvage crew might have killed everyone on the Mary Celeste, they were of high moral character and had never run afoul of the law before. The British Admiralty Court in Gibraltar eventually concluded there was insufficient evidence of murder and mayhem. So, uh, as you can see, we can't really support any of these theories.
3. C Combining the Main Points Read the following sentences from the reading passage and listening lecture. Then, combine each pair of sentences by using the given patterns. 1 Reading There is a strong possibility that the weather caused the crew to depart the Mary Celeste. The ship's sails were tattered and found in awkward positions for sailing. In addition, water damage in many of the ship's cabins and deep water in the hold suggested that large waves had struck the ship. Listening It's almost certainly true that the ship was damaged by the elements, but the weather did not make the ship unseaworthy. In fact, the salvage crew that found the Mary Celeste sailed her all the way to Gibraltar a considerable distance. →The professor acknowledges that ________________________, yet he points out that ________________________. 2 Reading If this had happened, the crew might have feared a massive explosion was about to occur. If something such as a small buildup of pressure blew the hatches off the cargo hold, the crew may have abandoned the ship to save their lives from a potentially catastrophic explosion. Listening Yet when British experts in Gibraltar examined the ship, they found no sign of explosive damage or fire. All the cargo hatches were secure, and except for a few barrels that had leaked a bit, the cargo was secure. →While the writer of the reading passage believes that ______________________________________________________, the professor states that ______________________________________________________. 3 Reading Some speculate that the crew mutinied, murdered the captain, and then departed on the lifeboat lest they be imprisoned and punished when the ship made port. Not wanting news of their misdeeds to be known, the survivors on the lifeboat would have kept quiet about their actions on board the Mary Celeste. Listening In fact, what were believed to be human bloodstains found on the ship were later shown by experts not to be human blood at all. No crew members had a previous history of violent crime. And while some people suspected the salvage crew might have killed everyone on the Mary Celeste, they were of high moral character and had never run afoul of the law before. →The professor remarks that ________________________________________________. His declarations therefore challenge ________________________________________________.
1 The professor acknowledges that the Mary Celeste was damaged by the weather, yet he points out that it was still seaworthy and was sailed to Gibraltar. 2 While the writer of the reading passage believes that the threat of an enormous explosion induced the crew to get on the ship's lifeboat and depart, the professor states that experts who studied the ship found little evidence of leakage and noted that there had been no explosions on the ship. 3 The professor remarks that the blood found on the ship's deck was not human blood and that investigators found no evidence of foul play. His declarations therefore challenge the one made in the reading passage that the crew mutinied, killed the captain, and then abandoned ship.
4. D Completing the Essay Complete the following sample essay. Use the phrases to help you write your essay. During his lecture, the professor discusses _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________. The professor acknowledges that ______________________________, yet he points out that ____________________________________. He therefore shows that _______________________________________________. Another theory is that __________________________________________. While the writer of the reading passage believes that ______________________________________________________， the professor states that ____________________________________. Finally, the professor mentions ______________________________. The professor remarks that ______________________________________________________. His declarations therefore challenge the one made in the reading passage that ____________________________________.
Sample Essay During his lecture, the professor discusses some of the widely accepted theories regarding what happened to the crew of the Mary Celeste. In doing so, he challenges the claims which are made in the reading passage. The professor acknowledges that the Mary Celeste was damaged by the weather, yet he points out that it was still seaworthy and was sailed to Gibraltar. He therefore shows that the Mary Celeste was not in danger of sinking, so he proves that the argument that water damage and damage to the sails caused the crew to abandon the ship is inaccurate. Another theory is that the crew feared the ship's cargo of industrial alcohol was leaking and could explode anytime. While the writer of the reading passage believes that the threat of an enormous explosion induced the crew to get on the ship's lifeboat and depart, the professor states that experts who studied the ship found little evidence of leakage and noted that there had been no explosions on the ship. Finally, the professor mentions the theory that violence was involved. The professor remarks that the blood found on the ship's deck was not human blood and that investigators found no evidence of foul play. His declarations therefore challenge the one made in the reading passage that the crew mutinied, killed the captain, and then abandoned ship.
问答题1.A Reading Passage Read the following passage carefully. One of the great maritime mysteries concerns the fate of the crew of the Mary Celeste. On December 4, 1872, the ship was located adrift near the Azores Islands in the Atlantic Ocean with the crew gone and a lifeboat missing. No sign of the crew has ever been found. Since then, people have speculated about what happened to make the crew abandon their seaworthy vessel. Numerous theories abound, but three are considered the most likely to be accurate. There is a strong possibility that the weather caused the crew to depart the Mary Celeste. The ship's sails were tattered and found in awkward positions for sailing. In addition, water damage in many of the ship's cabins and deep water in the hold suggested that large waves had struck the ship. With the sails unusable, perhaps the crew deemed the ship unmanageable and therefore took to the lifeboat, which was subsequently lost at sea. The Mary Celeste was transporting a large cargo of industrial alcohol, which was dangerous because its fumes could have leaked and built up in the cargo hold. If this had happened, the crew might have feared a massive explosion was about to occur. If something such as a small buildup of pressure blew the hatches off the cargo hold, the crew may have abandoned the ship to save their lives from a potentially catastrophic explosion. A third theory centers on traces of blood found on the ship's deck as well as a sword. Some speculate that the crew mutinied, murdered the captain, and then departed on the lifeboat lest they be imprisoned and punished when the ship made port. Not wanting news of their misdeeds to be known, the survivors on the lifeboat would have kept quiet about their actions on board the Mary Celeste. Outlining Write an outline of the reading passage in the space provided. Main Point ________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ Argument 1 ________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ Argument 2 ________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ Argument 3 ________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ Paraphrasing Exercises Read the following sentences. Then, paraphrase them. Be sure to include the key information in each sentence. 1 In addition, water damage in many of the ship's cabins and deep water in the hold suggested that large waves had struck the ship. →________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ 2 The Mary Celeste was transporting a large cargo of industrial alcohol, which was dangerous because its fumes could have leaked and built up in the cargo hold. →________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ 3 Not wanting news of their misdeeds to be known, the survivors on the lifeboat would have kept quiet about their actions on board the Mary Celeste. →________________________________________________ __________________________________________________
【正确答案】Outlining Main Point: Mary Celeste=ship found drifting in water w/no crew→is mystery what happened Argument 1: weather caused crew to abandon ship -sails found in tatters -water damage on ship→large waves may have hit Argument 2: was potential for large explosion of industrial alcohol -fumes could have leaked so crew feared explosion Argument 3: crew mutinied -blood found on deck+sword -crew killed captain and escaped on lifeboat→kept quiet so weren't imprisoned Paraphrasing Exercises 1 Damage from water in the cabins and water in the hold indicated that big waves had hit the ship. 2 The Mary Celeste's dangerous cargo of industrial alcohol might have leaked some fumes. 3 The survivors did not want people to know what they did, so they would have remained quiet.
【答案解析】
问答题2.B Listening Lecture Now listen to part of a lecture on the topic you just read about.
Note-Taking Main Point _______________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ Argument 1 _______________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ Argument 2 _______________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ Argument 3 _______________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ Paraphrasing Exercises Read the following sentences. Then, paraphrase them. Be sure to include the key information in each sentence. 1 Because the ship was in no danger of sinking, the captain surely wouldn't have ordered the crew to get into the small lifeboat. →________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ 2 Now the cargo, which was industrial alcohol, was known to leak fumes due to it being stored in wooden barrels back in the nineteenth century. →________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ 3 And while some people suspected the salvage crew might have killed everyone on the Mary Celeste, they were of high moral character and had never run afoul of the law before. →________________________________________________ __________________________________________________
【正确答案】Note-Taking Main Point: are serious issues with all theories about Mary Celeste Argument 1: weather didn't make ship unseaworthy -salvage crew sailed ship to Gibraltar -captain wouldn't have ordered crew into lifeboat Argument 2: alcohol didn't explode -no sign of explosion or fire+hatches were secure Argument 3: no proof of foul play -blood on deck wasn't human -crew and salvage crew had no history of violence Paraphrasing Exercises 1 The captain wouldn't have abandoned ship since it wasn't sinking. 2 Industrial alcohol often leaked fumes because of the barrels it was stored in in the 1800s. 3 Despite people's suspicions, the salvage crew was full of good people with no legal problems.
【答案解析】 [听力原文] Now listen to part of a lecture on the topic you just read about. M Professor: So, uh, those are the known facts about the Mary Celeste. Now comes the intriguing part...What caused her crew to abandon a seaworthy vessel? There are many hypotheses—some quite outlandish but most historians have decided that three theories have the highest potential for being true. Even so, each of them has serious issues that make them doubtful. Let me explain... It's almost certainly true that the ship was damaged by the elements, but the weather did not make the ship unseaworthy. In fact, the salvage crew that found the Mary Celeste sailed her all the way to Gibraltar, urn, a considerable distance. Because the ship was in no danger of sinking, the captain surely wouldn't have ordered the crew to get into the small lifeboat. Now, uh, the cargo, which was industrial alcohol, was known to leak fumes due to it being stored in wooden barrels back in the nineteenth century. Yet when British experts in Gibraltar examined the ship, they found no sign of explosive damage or fire. All the cargo hatches were secure, and, uh, except for a few barrels that had leaked a bit, the cargo was secure. Foul play was long suspected but never proven conclusively. In fact, what were believed to be human bloodstains found on the ship were later shown by experts not to be human blood at all. No crew members had a previous history of violent crime. And while some people suspected the salvage crew might have killed everyone on the Mary Celeste, they were of high moral character and had never run afoul of the law before. The British Admiralty Court in Gibraltar eventually concluded there was insufficient evidence of murder and mayhem. So, uh, as you can see, we can't really support any of these theories.
问答题3.C Combining the Main Points Read the following sentences from the reading passage and listening lecture. Then, combine each pair of sentences by using the given patterns. 1 Reading There is a strong possibility that the weather caused the crew to depart the Mary Celeste. The ship's sails were tattered and found in awkward positions for sailing. In addition, water damage in many of the ship's cabins and deep water in the hold suggested that large waves had struck the ship. Listening It's almost certainly true that the ship was damaged by the elements, but the weather did not make the ship unseaworthy. In fact, the salvage crew that found the Mary Celeste sailed her all the way to Gibraltar a considerable distance. →The professor acknowledges that ________________________, yet he points out that ________________________. 2 Reading If this had happened, the crew might have feared a massive explosion was about to occur. If something such as a small buildup of pressure blew the hatches off the cargo hold, the crew may have abandoned the ship to save their lives from a potentially catastrophic explosion. Listening Yet when British experts in Gibraltar examined the ship, they found no sign of explosive damage or fire. All the cargo hatches were secure, and except for a few barrels that had leaked a bit, the cargo was secure. →While the writer of the reading passage believes that ______________________________________________________, the professor states that ______________________________________________________. 3 Reading Some speculate that the crew mutinied, murdered the captain, and then departed on the lifeboat lest they be imprisoned and punished when the ship made port. Not wanting news of their misdeeds to be known, the survivors on the lifeboat would have kept quiet about their actions on board the Mary Celeste. Listening In fact, what were believed to be human bloodstains found on the ship were later shown by experts not to be human blood at all. No crew members had a previous history of violent crime. And while some people suspected the salvage crew might have killed everyone on the Mary Celeste, they were of high moral character and had never run afoul of the law before. →The professor remarks that ________________________________________________. His declarations therefore challenge ________________________________________________.
【正确答案】1 The professor acknowledges that the Mary Celeste was damaged by the weather, yet he points out that it was still seaworthy and was sailed to Gibraltar. 2 While the writer of the reading passage believes that the threat of an enormous explosion induced the crew to get on the ship's lifeboat and depart, the professor states that experts who studied the ship found little evidence of leakage and noted that there had been no explosions on the ship. 3 The professor remarks that the blood found on the ship's deck was not human blood and that investigators found no evidence of foul play. His declarations therefore challenge the one made in the reading passage that the crew mutinied, killed the captain, and then abandoned ship.
【答案解析】
问答题4.D Completing the Essay Complete the following sample essay. Use the phrases to help you write your essay. During his lecture, the professor discusses _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________. The professor acknowledges that ______________________________, yet he points out that ____________________________________. He therefore shows that _______________________________________________. Another theory is that __________________________________________. While the writer of the reading passage believes that ______________________________________________________， the professor states that ____________________________________. Finally, the professor mentions ______________________________. The professor remarks that ______________________________________________________. His declarations therefore challenge the one made in the reading passage that ____________________________________.
【正确答案】Sample Essay During his lecture, the professor discusses some of the widely accepted theories regarding what happened to the crew of the Mary Celeste. In doing so, he challenges the claims which are made in the reading passage. The professor acknowledges that the Mary Celeste was damaged by the weather, yet he points out that it was still seaworthy and was sailed to Gibraltar. He therefore shows that the Mary Celeste was not in danger of sinking, so he proves that the argument that water damage and damage to the sails caused the crew to abandon the ship is inaccurate. Another theory is that the crew feared the ship's cargo of industrial alcohol was leaking and could explode anytime. While the writer of the reading passage believes that the threat of an enormous explosion induced the crew to get on the ship's lifeboat and depart, the professor states that experts who studied the ship found little evidence of leakage and noted that there had been no explosions on the ship. Finally, the professor mentions the theory that violence was involved. The professor remarks that the blood found on the ship's deck was not human blood and that investigators found no evidence of foul play. His declarations therefore challenge the one made in the reading passage that the crew mutinied, killed the captain, and then abandoned ship.