阅读理解
Barack Obama spent much time on the campaign trail proposing a dramatic vision to change not only the United States for the better, but also the world. The candidate outlined a new, multilateral global order with America still leading, particularly regarding hard power, but sharing more burdens with others. There was a strong "anything but Bush" flavor in many of Obama's campaign-trail foreign policies, such as his opposition to the Iraq war, his willingness to pragmatically negotiate with dictators, and his emphasis on a multilateral dimension to American foreign policy. He wanted—at least rhetorically—to bend the arc of history towards justice, freedom, progress, and prosperity. Has he fulfilled his vision during his first three years in the Oval Office? That is the question addressed by Bending History, a new book that offers a timely and insightful analysis of Obama's foreign policy performance and what he could do if he wins a second term. Although national interests have been fairly well protected, the authors believe that Obama's first three years in the Oval Office are defined by a considerable gap between his vision and his record. Despite limited success, the president has not yet bent history in any major way, especially when measured against his own standards. Importantly, the authors argue that robust and strategic foreign policy cannot be achieved without having one's domestic affairs in order. Sadly, according to the authors, America has not done what it should to sustain its future global primacy. The country has been disinvesting in infrastructure and education, walking away from a serious program for clean energy, failing to address social divisions, and making merely partial fixes to the financial system that produced the crisis of 2008. Whoever occupies the Oval Office come 2013, Obama's foreign policy successes will matter little if the economy fails to sustain American power. The authors conclude that Obama's foreign policy to date has been more pragmatic than visionary. It suggests no clear road map for the future, no particularly compelling overall strategy for how the president would advance American interests and bend history in a second term. Obama's accomplishments should be better understood as effective damage control than historic breakthroughs. Overall the book's analysis is compelling, although more attention might have been paid to the president's own role as a political leader and a strategic thinker. But all things considered, Bending History does a superb job of detailing what happened during the first three years of Obama's presidency. It provides a timely and insightful analysis worth reading for anyone interested in U.S. foreign policy.
单选题26.By " There was a strong ' anything but Bush' flavor in many of Obama's campaign-trail foreign policies" , the author implies that______.
【正确答案】
A
【答案解析】本题是一道固定词语理解题。本题题干中的固定词语“anything but(除……以外任何事物;根本不)”是破解本题的关键。原文“There was a strong‘anything’but Bush’flavor in many of Obama's campaign-trail foreign policies”的含义是:“奥巴马在竞选活动中陈述的许多外交政策都带有‘与布什迥然不同’的强烈意味。”由此推断,选项A“a discrepancy in their foreign policies exists(在他们的外交政策方面存在不一致)”应该是本题的正确答案。在解答此题时,一定要注意正确理解固定词语“anything but”,否则就会误解原文的含义。
单选题27.The term "bent" (Paragraph 3) denotes______.
【正确答案】
D
【答案解析】本题是一道关键词语理解题。本题题干所涉及的词语是动词“bend”的过去式“bent”,其基本含义是“使弯曲”与“使转移或转向”。在这两个词义中进行选择时,应该考虑到本文的开篇句(即:首段的第一句话):“Barack Obama spent much time on the campaign trail proposing a dramatic vision to change not only the United States for the better,but also the world.(在竞选活动中,奥巴马花费大量时间提出了一个激动人心的构想,不仅要让美国变得更美好,也要让世界变得更美好。)”由此推断,“bent”一词的第二个基本词义(使转移或转向)与首段首句中的“change(改变)”一词一脉相承,故选项D“adjusted(改变;调节)”应该是本题的正确答案。在解答核心词语题目时,除了将该词与语境结合起来,还要紧紧贴近全文的核心主旨句所传递的意思,否则就无法对一词多义的词语进行取舍。
单选题28.What, in paragraph 4, is stressed by the writer of the text?
【正确答案】
C
【答案解析】本题是一道关键词语题。依据本题题干中的动词“stressed(强调)”可以把本题的答案信息来源确定在本文第四段的首句,因为第四段首句中的第一个词“Importantly(重要的是)”呈现了本题题干中的动词“stressed”的意味。第四段首句“Importantly,the authors argue that robust and strategic foreign policy cannot be achieved without having one's domestic affairs in order.”的含义是:“重要的是,作者们认为,如果不理顺国内局面,就不可能制定出坚定而有策略的外交政策。”由此判断,选项C“The significance of internal status.(内部状况的重要性)”是本题的正确答案,因为第四段首句强调“国内的事务(domestic affairs)”的重要性。在解答此题时,一定要抓住题干中的核心词语与原文相应词语之间的相互关系,否则就无法判断本题的答案信息来源。
单选题29.According to the text, the book's analysis might be improved if______.
【正确答案】
B
【答案解析】本题是虚拟语气题型。根据本题题干中的“the book's analysis(此书的分析)”可以迅速将本题的答案信息来源确定在本文尾段的首句。该句“Overall the book's analysis is compelling,although more attention might have been paid to the president's own role as a political leader and a strategic thinker.”的含义是:“从总体来看,该书的分析引人入胜,但应该把更多的注意力放在总统本人作为政治领导人和战略思考者的作用上。”由此句状语从句中虚拟语气所表达的意思判断,选项B“more discussion is made on Obama's role as a strategic thinker.(对奥巴马作为战略思考者做出更多讨论)”应该是本题的正确答案。解答此题时,一定要抓住并且正确理解虚拟语气所传递的含义。否则,就将失去解题的正确思路。
单选题30.The text appears to be a digest of______.
【正确答案】
D
【答案解析】本题是一道文体识别题型。依据本文第二段第二句中的“Bending History,a new book”、第三、四、五段首句中的“the authors(作者们)”以及尾段中的“the book's analysis(本书的分析)”,可以推断本文是摘自一篇书评(book review)。本篇课文实际上是“Bending History《历史转折》”的书评。由此推断,选项D“a book review(一篇书评)”应该是本题的正确答案。解答此题时,一定要注意各段落首句所提供的信息,否则就无法进行正确的推断。