单选题
Elderly people respond best to a calm and unhurried environment. This is not always easy to provide as their behavior can sometimes be irritating, ff they got excited or upset then they may become more confused and more difficult to look after. Although sometimes it can be extremely difficult, it is best to be patient and not get upset yourself. You should always encourage old people to do as much as possible for themselves but be ready to lend a helping hand when necessary.
Failing memory makes it difficult for the person to recall all the basic kinds of information we take for granted. The obvious way to help in this situation is to supply the information that is missing and help them make sense of what is going on. You must use every opportunity to provide information but remember to keep it simple and straightforward.
"Good morning, Mum. This is Fiona, your daughter. It is eight o'clock, so if you get up now, we can have breakfast downstairs."
When the elderly person makes confused statements e.g. about going out to his or her old employment or visiting a dead relative, correct in a calm matter-of-fact fashion: "You don't work in the office any more. You are retired now. Will you come and help me with the dishes?"
We rely heavily on the information provided by signposts, clocks, calendars and newspapers. These assist us to organize and direct our behavior. Confused old people need these aids all the time to compensate for their poor memory. Encourage them to use reminder beards or diaries for important coming events and label the contents of different cupboards and drawers. Many other aids such as information cards, old photos, scrapbooks, addresses or shopping lists could help in individual case.
单选题 The main subject of the passage about elderly people is ______.
【正确答案】 C
【答案解析】就老人而言,本文的主题是如何指望老人尽可能照料自己。作者在第一段末尾说,你应当经常鼓励老人尽可能为自己多做点事情。但是,如有必要,应向他们伸出援助之手。
单选题 The passage gives help for one responsible for an elderly forgetful person by ______.
【正确答案】 B
【答案解析】本文为负责照顾健忘的老人的人提供帮助,其方法是提出这些情况下应做的一些明智的事情。作者在第四段指出,如果老人犯糊涂,譬如说他或她要回到旧的工作岗位上或要拜访去世的亲戚,冷静而又讲究实际地予以纠正道:“您再也不在办公室工作了。您已退休,来帮我洗碟子好吗?”
单选题 By "in a calm matter-of-fact fashion" the author most probably means ______.
【正确答案】 A
【答案解析】作者用in a calm matter-of-fact fashion,很可能是指“坦率而又切合实际地”。参见注释7。
单选题 Visual aids can give practical help to elderly people by ______.
【正确答案】 A
【答案解析】直观教具能够为老人提供切实可行的帮助,让他们回忆各种有用的信息。作者在最后一段开头说,我们在很大的程度上依赖由路标、钟表、日历和报纸提供的信息。这些有助于我们引导自己的行为并让自己的行为条理化。糊涂的老人始终需要这些辅助性的工具弥补记忆力的不足。
单选题 Which is not mentioned in this passage as an aid to elderly people?
【正确答案】 D
【答案解析】D(提供心理疗法)没有提到。第一段第一句是A的依据;最后一段倒数第二句是B的依据;第二段最后一句是C的依据。