正确答案为选项C，其录音中的对应内容为The franchisee usually pays the franchiser initial start-up and annual licensing fees。这句话说的是 franchisee 需要付给 franchiser年度特许费，反过来理解就是franchiser从加盟权交易中得到加盟特许费。 选项 A 和 B 说的内容虽然也包括在加盟特许的内容中，但颠倒了发放特许与得到 特许的双方关系。选项D 自然也不正确。

[重点难点]
理解、区分franchiser与 franchisee的关系。

[录音原文]
Passage Four
A franchise is a type of license that the franchisee acquires to allow them to have access to proprietary knowledge, processes and trademarks of the franchiser, and sell a product or provide a service under the franchiser's name. The franchisee usually pays the franchiser initial start-up and annual licensing fees.
There are many advantages to investing in a franchise, and there are also drawbacks. Widely recognized benefits to buying a franchise include a ready-made business operation. A franchise comes with a built-in business formula including products, services, even employee uniforms and well-established brand recognition. Depending on the franchise, the franchiser com pany may offer support in training and financial planning, or even with approved suppliers.
Disadvantages include heavy start-up costs as well as ongoing royalty costs in the form of a 4-8 percent of sales or revenue. Other disadvantages include lack of location or management decision control, or creativity with your own business, as well as a notable dearth of financing options from the franchiser.
Ms. Harper started her salon business in 1888, licensed her first franchise in 1891, and grew the system to over 500 salons at its peak. The franchise system she created developed many of the elements in a modem commercial franchise system: initial and continuing training, branded hair care products, field visits, advertising, group insurance, and motivation.
Soft drink manufacturers like Coca Cola created the vertical franchising model by shipping syrup concentrate to its franchisees, and requiring the local franchises to bottle under strict formulas and processes， so they are able to control the quality of their product in distant markets and expand rapidly without the capital that company-owned development would have required.

正确答案为选项B，因为此处选项所给的是employee recruitment，而录音在 说到 the built-in business formula of a franchise 时使用的是 employee uniforms，并没 有提及员工招聘。选项A 和 C 都在a built-in business formula including之后的内容 中有对应内容，所以都不是此题的答案。选项D 的对应内容则在录音中明确表现为 the franchiser company may offer... even with approved suppliers,所以也不是正确选项。

[重点难点]
理解employee uniforms是指员工的统一工作服，与员工招聘（ employee recruitment)无关。

正确答案为选项B，因为录音中完全没有提及加盟经营对品牌忠诚的问题， 只是出现了 royalty costs ( 即加盟商盟主的抽成费用，为销售额或收入的4%〜 8% ) 。 选项A 的内容在本段第一句话里有对应，选项 C 在第二句的解释中有对应，而选项 D 所说的对应内容是 a notable dearth ( 匮乏） of financing options from the franchiser。

[重点难点]
听清royalty并理解它与loyalty的区别。

正确答案为选项A，在录音中可以从两处体现出来，即 licensed her first franchise in 1891 和 The franchise system she created …。仅前者还不足以肯定，因为她的加盟组织系统可能只是自己所有的第一家，但后者明确说出这种体系是她初创 的。选项 B 不正确是因为录音说的是她于1888年创办了她的沙龙，而不是选项所说的创办了第一家加盟组织。选项C 把这两个不同的时间弄混了，也不对。选项D 说她创建了第一家保险公司，而录音内容说的是她的加盟组织系统里包含了集体保险的项目，与创建保险公司无关，所以也是错误选项。

[重点难点]
抓住时间差异及其相关细节区别。

正确答案为选项B，在录音中的对应内容是Coca Cola created the vertical franchising model by shipping syrup concentrate to its franchisees,即可口可乐公司创造的垂直加盟模式是给加盟者运输浓缩糖浆（ shipping syrup concentrate)。选项A 错在把运送浓缩糖浆说成了提供运输服务。选项C 错在颠倒了主客关系，录音所说 的是要求当地加盟店装瓶（ requiring the local franchises to bottle) 而不是由可口可乐 公司提供装瓶服务。选项D 所给的并不是具体提供的服务，且与录音内容所说的to control the quality意义矛盾，所以选项D 错误。

[重点难点]
对 by开始的解释性话语保持敏感。