【答案解析】Polygraphic testing records a subject% physiological responses to a series of questions asked by an examiner, The examiner then evaluates the subject's truthfulness or deceptiveness based on the subject's responses to certain questions. Although some studies support polygraph validity, others identify weaknesses in the underlying theory. A serious problem is the heavy dependence of the results on the skills of examiners, who are often poorly trained. Those who favor polygraph testing point to its popularity among American companies as a way to protect the rights of the employer to hire honest, competent employees and to identify employees who steal company property. Polygraph testing, they say, is more cost effective than other methods of achieving these goals. Opponents of testing see it as an abdication of manager's responsibility to make the kind of judgments that are involved. They also view testing as potential morale problem and an invasion of employees' rights, creating the risk of expensive lawsuits. In spite of arguments contending that the polygraph is an inexpensive and quick way m investigate employees, I recommend against its use in our company. No positive scientific evidence supports the instrument's validity, and the teat% results leave too much room for interpretation by the examiner. Even if testing could be proven valid and reliable, ethical and legal issues remain. The polygraph's potential to create an atmosphere of suspicion and distrust between management and employees is evident. At its extreme, this atmosphere could prompt legal action against the company when judgments are made in error.