单选题
Large companies need a way to reach the savings of the public at large. The same problem, on a smaller scale, faces practically every company trying to develop new products and create new jobs. There can be little prospect of raising the sort of sums needed from friends and people we know, and while banks may agree to provide short-term finance, they are generally unwilling to provide money on a permanent basis for long-term projects. So companies turn to the public, inviting people to lend them money, or take a share in the business in exchange for a share in future profits. This they do by issuing stocks and shares in the business through The Stock Exchange. By doing so, they can put into circulation the savings of individuals and institutions, both at home and overseas.
When the saver needs his money back, he does not have to go to the company with whom he originally placed it. Instead, he sells his shares through a stockbroker to some other saver who is seeking to invest his money.
Many of the services needed both by industry and by each of us are provided by the Government or by local authorities. Without hospitals, roads, electricity, telephones, railways, this country could not function. All these require continuous spending on new equipment and new development if they are to serve us properly, requiring more money than is raised through taxes alone. The Government, local authorities, and nationalized industries therefore frequently needed to borrow money to finance major capital spending, and they, too, come to The Stock Exchange.
There is hardly a man or woman in this country whose job or whose standard of living does not depend on the ability of his or her employers to raise money to finance new development. In one way or another, this new money must come from the savings of the country. The Stock Exchange exists to provide a channel through which these savings can reach those who need finance.
单选题
Almost all companies involved in new production and development must ______.
【正确答案】
D
【答案解析】[解析] 细节推断题。根据题干关键词new production and development定位到原文首段前两句。首段前两句中的Large companies和a smaller scale被题干概括为Almost all companies。原文首段首句中的the savings of the public at large(得到整个公众的储蓄)与选项D对应。故答案为D。
单选题
The money which enables these companies to go ahead with their projects is ______.
单选题
When the savers want their money back they ______.
【正确答案】
C
【答案解析】[解析] 细节推理题。根据题干关键词the savers，money back定位到原文第二段。第二段尾句中的shares与选项C重现，原句中的through a stockbroker to some other saver与选项C中的back on the market对应。故答案为C。
单选题
All the essential services on which we depend are ______.