单选题
Everyone complains that corporate America is
1
to hire additional workers. Far
2
attention has been paid to the flip side of the jobless recovery: the
3
improvement in American productivity.
When the economy
4
in 2008, there was little of the fall in labor productivity that normally
5
a recession, and this was not just a one-off "batting average" effect (in which average productivity rises because the worst performers are fired). Rather, it was a productivity boost that has continued
6
expert predictions that workers can only be
7
so hard for a short while.
In the third quarter of 2011, American labor productivity was 2.3% higher than in the same period a year earlier. Manufacturing productivity in that quarter rose by 2.9% compared with a year earlier. America"s productivity growth has been more
8
than most other rich countries"—a feat
9
to its flexible labor market and a culture of enterprise.
Two things could keep productivity rising. First, workers are terrified of losing their jobs. This makes it easier to persuade them to put in extra hours or
10
new tasks. Second, tough times are forcing luaus to
11
every brain cell to become more efficient. Sealed Air, for example, has made numerous incremental tweaks, such as
12
a machine that makes absorbent pads for supermarket meat trays so that its output increased from 400 units per hour three years ago to 550—with the same number of workers.
The
13
of firms to invest in such enhancements has varied
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. Some would rather hoard cash or buy back their own shares
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spend it on more efficient machinery or information technology. Yet there are
16
that leading industrial firms are starting to increase their capital spending, says Jeff Sprague of Vertical Research Partners, a research outfit. In particular, he has noticed firms investing in "debottlenecking" which,
17
its name suggests, means removing hold-ups in production processes, sometimes with an additional production line.
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short, the recession has forced American firms to become more muscular. This should help them
19
when the good times realm. It should also give them an edge
20
foreign rivals.
【答案解析】[考点] 固定搭配
[解析] 观察空格处前后的内容,发现前面用了would rather这个短语,这个短语的完整搭配是sb. would rather do sth. than do sth.,表示“某人宁愿做某事而不做某事”。因此正确答案选D。例句:I would rather remain poor get money by dishonest means. 我宁可安于贫穷,也不愿用不正当手段赚钱。
【答案解析】[考点] 语法知识+固定搭配
[解析] 空格处的这句话是一个长难句,意思比较难理解,前半句话的意思是说某位研究者发现公司在“debottlenecking”上开始投资,后半句是对于debottlenecking的一个解释,它的意思是指“消除公司在生产过程中的阻碍”。首先因为空格前面有一个关系词which,因此这里不可能再填一个which或者that这样的关系词。而填what也不符合语法,因为空格处这个短语在这里既不是一个主语从句,也不是一个宾语从句。因此,正确答案应该选D。as its name suggests是一个常用的插入语,意思是“顾名思义”。
【正确答案】
A
【答案解析】[考点] 介词搭配
[解析] in short是固定搭配,表示“总而言之,长话短说”,因此选A。例句:In short, I am interested in all of the sports. 简而言之,我对一切运动都感兴趣。
【答案解析】[考点] 固定搭配
[解析] have an edge over sb./sth. 是英语中的固定搭配,意思是“比……有优势”。其他类似的一个短语是have an advantage over sth.。例如:The next version of the software will have the edge over its competitors. 下一版的软件会比竞争者更有优势。因此,正确答案应该选B。