单选题 Fast food, a mainstay of American eating for decades, may have reached a plateau in the United States as the maturing baby-boom generation looks for a more varied menu. Fast food still represents a $ 102 billion a year industry, but growth has turned sluggish recently amid tough competition from retail food stores and a more affluent population willing to try new things and spend more, analysts say. Signs of trouble in fast food include price-cutting by industry leaders, including efforts by McDonald's to attract customers with a 55 cent hamburger, and major players pulling out or selling. O'Pepsico, for example, is selling its fast-food restaurant division that includes Taco Bell, Pizza Hut and KFC. "It's becoming harder and harder for these firms to grow," said Jim Brown, a professor of marketing at Virginia Tech University. "I think in the United States fast food has reached a saturation(饱和)point because of the number of competitors and the number of outlets. " Fast-food restaurant revenues grew 2. 5 percent in 1996, according to industry figures, the slowest since the recession of 1991. That is for cry from(大不相同于)the levels of the 1970s and 1980s. According to the Food Marketing Institute, consumers are using supermarkets for 21 percent of take-home food, nearly double the level of a year ago. While fast-food restaurants still lead, their share slipped significantly, from 48 percent in 1996 to 41 percent in 1997. " Consumers have never been more demanding than they are today," said Michael Sansolo, senior vice president of the Supermarket Trade Group. "They are pressed for time. Money is still an issue... but their tastes are increasingly diverse—whether it's gourmet foods, ethnic foods or organic offerings. " Meanwhile, the aging of the baby-boom population—and the growth in the number of so-called "empty nesters" with grown children—has meant a surge in the number of people willing to spend more for upscale items. This generation "will have the luxury of being more discriminating" as their children leave home, notes Harry Baker, vice president of the Chicago-based NPD consulting group. Balzer said some 18 million baby boomers will become empty-nesters in the next 10 years, leaving them with more disposable income to spend on dining out. " Fast and cheap will still be driving factors. . , but our definitions of fast and cheap may be changing. " Various reports suggest industry leader McDonald's is struggling, losing market share, with lower same-store sales while cutting back the number of new outlets in the United States, partly due to pressure from franchisers who don't want to be squeezed. The company replaced the head of its 12, 000 US restaurant chain last October amid a slump in US market share.

单选题 What does the passage mainly tell about?

【正确答案】 D

【答案解析】解析：本题是主旨大意题。文章的第一段介绍了本文的主要内容“Fast food，a mainstayof American eating for decades，…a more affluent population willing to try new things and spendmore，analysts say．”，随着生育高峰期的那代父母开始寻求更加丰盛的食谱，快餐业趋于饱和。尽管快餐业每年收益丰厚，但近年来随着食品零售业的发展，以及越来越多的人愿意尝试新事物，愿意花更多钱，快餐业的发展实际呈下滑趋势。因此一些快餐正在失去吸引力。故选D。

单选题 What can we learn from the passage?

单选题 What is NOT true about baby-boom generation?

单选题 Which of the following is not mentioned as an influence on people's choices of food?

【正确答案】 D

【答案解析】解析：本题是细节题。第四段提到“‘They are pressed for time．Money is still an issue…but their tastes are increasingly diverse--whether it’s gourmet foods，ethnic foods or organicofferings．’”，由此可知人们的时间观念强，会考虑钱以及口味问题。第五段指出““Fastand cheap will still be driving factors．．，but our definitions of fast and cheap may bechanging．””，说明快速和便宜将是驱动的因素。可以看出，食物的速度、价格、多样化以及消费者的口味都是影响人们选择就餐的因素。文中谈到生育高峰期的那代人上了年纪后对家庭结构和生活状况的影响，没有谈到上了年纪对选择食物的直接影响。故D正确。

单选题 What brings trouble to fast food industry?

【正确答案】 A

【答案解析】解析：本题是细节题。第一段提到“…but growth has turned sluggish recently amid toughcompetition from retail food stores and a more affluent population willing to try new things andspend more，analysts say．”，由此可知与零售食品店的竞争以及越来越多的人愿意尝试新食物，愿意在食物上花更多的钱，使得快餐业的增长缓慢。第四段也提到“Consumers havenever been more demanding than they are today”，意思是说顾客的需求比以往更多了，因而A正确。