问答题 One person out of three who graduated from university in the past six years is in a job requiring only the skills of a school-leaver, up from one in four a decade ago. A 21-year-old university graduate is as likely to be unemployed in the year he leaves full-time education as a 16-year-old school-leaver. The official figures depress those young people hoping that the better job higher education is meant to assure them will pay back the sums they have loaned for college.
This is not all a consequence of the recession. The proportion of university graduates in lower-skilled jobs was rising even before economic growth reversed in 2008; the downturn just steepened the slope. The laws of supply and demand are one reason.
But if the outlook for graduates is dim, it is far worse for their less-educated counterparts. Though about a quarter of both university graduates and school-leavers are unemployed for a while when they leave full-time study, in two years less than 9% of graduates are still looking for work, compared with almost 27% of school-leavers,
【正确答案】
【答案解析】在过去六年里,有1/3的大学毕业生从事仅需中学生水平的低技能工作,跟10年前的1/4相比,比例有所上升。一个21岁的大学毕业生,在刚毕业的那年,跟一个16岁的中学学历者一样可能处于待业状态。对于那些年轻人,他们期待高学历能换得好工作,以还清上大学的贷款,但是,官方数据让他们失望不已。
这并非完全起因于经济衰退。即使是在2008年,经济增长形势还未扭转之前,大学毕业生从事低技能工作的比例也是一直上升,经济衰退只是恶化了原本就糟糕的状况。供求关系定律也是原因之一。
然而,倘若大学毕业生的前景都如此暗淡,对于那些受教育更少的同行们来说,其前景更是不容乐观。尽管有1/4的大学毕业生和中学生刚离开学校后都有段短暂的时间处于待业状态,但两年后,少于9%的大学生还在找工作,而相比之下,仍几乎有27%的中学学历者依旧处于待业中。 One person out of three who graduated from university in the past six years is in a job requiring only the skills of a school-leaver, up from one in four a decade ago.
句子主干是one person out of three...is in a job...。主语后接who引导的定语从句,job后接现在分词短语作定语。这两个定语翻译时都应该作为前置定语处理。逗号后面的up from...介词短语作状语。
school-leaver这个词并不是泛指“毕业生”,而是专指中学毕业生。up from...这个介词短语的意思是“比……上升了……”。
在过去六年里,有1/3的大学毕业生从事仅需中学生水平的低技能工作,跟10年前的1/4相比,比例有所上升。
A21-year-old university graduate is as likely to be unemployed in the year he leaves fulltime education as a 16-year-old school-leaver.
句子的核心结构式“as...as”,表示“和……一样”。
unemployed表示“失业的”,在句中为了句子通顺,应翻译为“处于失业状态”。
一个21岁的大学毕业生,在刚毕业的那年,跟一个16岁的中学学历者一样可能处于待业状态。
The official figuresdepress those young people hoping that the better job higher education is meant to assure them will pay back the sums they have loaned for college.
句子主干是The official figures depress those young people。后面的hoping...是现在分词短语作后置定语,因为定语非常长,翻译时先将主干部分翻译出来,再另起一句翻译定语。在hoping后接的宾语从句中,句子主干是the better job...will pay back...。主语后面有一个省略了that的定语从句,翻译的时候不一定按照前置定语的方式翻译。
the better job higher education is meant to assure them...。这里的be meant to的意思是“按理应该……”,整个宾语从句的主语部分翻译的时候如果按字面意思翻译为“高等教育按道理应该保障他们更好的工作……”,十分拗口,定语从句不一定翻成前置定语,可意译为“(他们)期待高学历能够保障他们找到好工作……”。
对于那些年轻人,他们期待高学历能换得好工作,以还清上大学的贷款,但是,官方数据让他们失望不已。
The proportion of university graduates in lower-skilled jobs was rising even before economic growth reversed in 2008; the downturn just steepened the slope.
这是一个并列句,前后用分号隔开。在前一个分句中,还包含一个时间状语从句。
reverse是动词,表示“颠倒,逆转”。before economic growth reversed,如果翻译为“在经济增长逆转前”,则不够通顺,需要适当添加内容,翻译为“在经济增长形势逆转之前”。downturn是名词,意思是“经济低迷时期,经济衰退”。steepened the slope,字面意思理解是“使得斜坡更加陡峭”,这里需要采取意译的方法,翻译为“使原本就糟糕的情况更加恶化”。
即使是在2008年,经济增长形势还未扭转之前,大学毕业生从事低技能工作的比例也是一直上升,经济衰退只是恶化了原本就糟糕的状况。
Though about a quarter of bothuniversity graduates and school-leavers are unemployed for a while when they leave full-time study, in two years less than 9% of graduates are still looking for work, compared with almost 27% of school-leavers.
这是一个复合句,though引导的是让步状语从句,主句部分是less than 9% of graduates are still looking for。work...。
尽管有1/4的大学毕业生和中学生刚离开学校后都有段短暂的时间处于待业状态,但两年后,少于9%的大学生还在找工作,而相比之下,仍几乎有27%的中学学历者依旧处于待业中。