完形填空
What do you think of American health care system? Most people would be 1 by the high quality of medicine 2 to most Americans. There is a lot of specialization, a great deal of 3 to the individual, a 4 amount of advanced technical equipment, and 5 effort not to make mistakes because of the financial risk which doctors and hospitals must 6 in the courts if they 7 things badly. But the Americans are in a mess. To the problem is the way in 8 health care is organized and 9 . 10 to pubic belief it is not just a flee competition system. To the private system has been joined a large public system, because private care was simply not 11 the less fortunate and the elderly. But even with this huge public part of the system, 12 this year will eat up 84.5 billion dollars—more than 10 percent of the U.S. Budget—a large number of Americans are left 13 . These include about half the 11 million unemployed and those who fail to meet the strict limits 14 income fixed by a government trying to make savings where it can. The basic problem, however, is that there is no central control 15 the health system. There is no 16 to what doctors and hospitals charge for their services, other than what the public is able to pay. The number of doctors has shot up and prices have climbed. When faced with toothache, a sick child, or a heart attack, all the unfortunate persons concerned can do is to pay 17 . Two thirds of the population are 18 by medical insurance. Doctors charge as much as they want 19 that the insurance company will pay the bill. The rising cost of medicine in the U.S.A. is among the most worrying problems facing the country. In 1981 the country's health bill climbed 15.9 percent—about twice as fast as prices 20 general.
单选题
【正确答案】
B
【答案解析】词语搭配题。impress意为“给…留下深刻的印象;使意识到”,例如:(1)I'm very impressed by/with what,s happening. (2)I impressed on him the importance of punctuality. 原句意为:高质量的医疗服务给大多数人留下了深刻的印象,故选项B正确。选项A compress意为“压缩,浓缩”,常用搭配为compress...into;选项C obsess意为“使迷恋,使着迷”,例如:She is obsessed with the desire to become a movie star.选项D repress意为“抑制,镇压”,如:repress one's anger,均不符合题意。
单选题
【正确答案】
A
【答案解析】词语搭配题。available意为“可以享受到的,可利用的,有用的”,例如:Free education is available to all tax-payers. 此处指可享受到的医疗服务,故选A。选项B attainable意为“可达到的,可得到的”,多用来指一般人能力不易达到的情况,与句意不符;选项C achievable意为“做得到的,可完成的”,强调在达到目的过程中有耐性,很努力;选项D amenable意为“愿意服从的,有责任的”,例如:She might be more amenable to the idea if you explained how much money it would save. 全句可译为:可以保障绝大多数美国人的高质量的医疗服务体系会给大部分人留下深刻印象。
单选题
【正确答案】
C
【答案解析】词语搭配题。attention表示“注意力,关注”,本处意为“关注病人”,因此选项C正确。选项A extension意为“延长,扩充;电话分机”;选项C retention意为“保持,保留”,例如:The retention of old technology has slowed the company's growth. 选项D exertion意为“尽力,努力;运用”,例如:(1)Exertion of authority does not come easily to everyone. (2)We were all exhausted after our exertions. 均不符合题意。
【答案解析】词语辨析题。face意为“面对,遭遇”,例如:The difficulty that faces us today is one of supplying food to those in need. (今天我们所面临的困难是向那些需要的人提供食物。)根据原句意思:如果在医疗过程中出了差错的话,医生和医院就可能惹上官司,面临巨额罚金。financial risk是他们可能面对的,故选项C正确。选项A run into意为“偶遇”;选项B encounter意为“遭遇,突然遇到”,比较正式;选项D defy意为“公然反抗,蔑视”,均无法与句中的risk连用。
【答案解析】语篇衔接与固定搭配题。contrary to意为“与…相反”,例如:Contrary to our expectations, he was eliminated in the first round. (我们万万想不到,他第一轮就被淘汰了。)本句提及医疗保障体系并不仅是一个自由竞争体系,下文讲到公共医疗保障体系已经与私人保障体系结合在一起了,所以是与公众的想法相反的,故选项A contrary符合题意。选项B opposed to意为“强烈反对”;选项C averse to意为“反对的,嫌恶的,不愿意的”;选项D objected to意为“反对,不赞同”,均不符合题意。
【答案解析】语法题。which引导一个非限定性定语从句,修饰名词短语this huge public part of the system,非限定性定语从句不能用that引导。
单选题
【正确答案】
B
【答案解析】词语搭配题。leave out意为“省略,忽略,不考虑”,例如:The entire chapter was left out in the third edition.原文意为:虽然有庞大的公共医疗保障体系,但仍有许多美国人被忽略了,享受不到该保障,故选项B正确。leave over意为“留下,剩下;延期”,例如:questions left over by history; leave off意为“停止;不再穿/使用”,例如:When will the snow leave off?选项D away不与leave连用,均不符合题意。
单选题
【正确答案】
D
【答案解析】惯用搭配题。limit on sth. 意为“对…的限制”,此处用limit on表示对于收入方面的限制,故选项D正确。其他选项均不与limit搭配,故排除。全句可译为:这些人中包括1100万失业人口中的一半以及那些家庭收入没有低到那个想方设法省钱的政府制订的收入标准线的人。
单选题
【正确答案】
A
【答案解析】惯用搭配题。control over sth. 意为“控制…”,故选项A正确。选项B on和选项D behind不能与control搭配;选项C under可与control连用,但应为:under control,意为“处于控制之下,情况正常”。全句可译为:不过,最根本的问题在于缺乏对医疗保障体系集中的控制。
单选题
【正确答案】
D
【答案解析】语义搭配题。There's no limit to意为“对…没有限制”,原文意为:公众的偿付能力有限,然而对于医生和医院的收费却没有什么限制,故选项D正确。选项A boundary意为“边界,界线”;选项B restriction意为“(人为)限制”;选项C confinement意为“(某特定期限内的)限制”,如监禁、分娩期、卧床期间等,均不符合题意。