复合题

Directions: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.

Text 4

Every British citizen who is employed (or self-employed) is obliged to pay a weekly contribution to the national insurance and health schemes. An employer also makes a contribution for each of his employees, and the government too pays a certain amount.

This plan was brought into being in 1948. Its aim is to prevent anyone from going without medical services, if he needs them, however poor he may be; to ensure that a person who is out of work shall receive a weekly sum of money to survive; and to provide a small pension for those who have reached the age of retirement.

Everyone can register with a doctor of his choice and if he is ill, he can consult the doctor without having to pay for the doctor’s services, although he has to pay a small charge for medicines. The doctor may, if necessary, sent a patient to a specialist, or to a hospital; in both cases treatment will be given without any fee being payable. Those who wish may become private patients, paying for their treatment, but they must still pay their contributions to the national insurance and health schemes. During illness the patient can draw a small amount of money every week, to make up for his lost wages. Everyone who needs to have his eyes seen to may go to a state-registered oculist and if his sight is weak he can get spectacles from an optician at a much reduced price. For a small payment he may go to a dentist; if he needs false teeth, he can obtain dentures for less than they would cost from a private dentist.

Various other medical appliances can be obtained in much the same way. When a man is out of work, he may draw unemployment benefit until he finds work again; this he will probably do by going to a Job Centre (an office ran by the State to help people find jobs). If he is married, the allowance he receives will be larger.

Obviously, the amount paid is comparatively small, for the State does not want people to stop working in order to draw a handsome sum of money for doing nothing! When a man reaches the age of sixty-five, he may retire from work and then he has the right to draw a State pension. For women, the age of retirement is sixty. Mothers-to-be and children receive special benefits such as free milk or certain foodstuffs for which only a minimum charge is made. The State pays to the mother a small weekly sum for each child in a family.

There is also an allowance for funerals, for the State boasts that it looks after people “from cradle to the grave”! There are special benefits for certain people such as the blind and the handicapped.

Most people in Britain agree that there are still many improvements to be made in the national insurance and health schemes, but it is also true that they have become a social institution that the great majority of the population wishes to see maintained. 

单选题 The money for the national insurance and health schemes comes for ______.
【正确答案】 C
【答案解析】由第一段可知， 职员， 雇主和政府都要为国民保险和医疗保险计划贡献一份力量。 可知该项计划资金来源有三个。
单选题 Every citizen in Britain ______.
【正确答案】 C
【答案解析】A项“任何英国人都能收到来自政府的工资”， 原文是“During illness the patient Call draw a small amount of money every week, to make up for his lost wages”即对于生病期间损失的工资， 政府会每周付给病人一小笔钱。 A项不符合文意。 由“Those who wish may become private patients, paying for their treatment， ”可知如果想成为自费病人， 可以为其治疗付费。 而B项意为向医生登记后就能成为自费病人， B项错误。 D项在文中没有提及。
单选题 When a registered patient is in hospital, he ______.
【正确答案】 A
【答案解析】由“in both cases treatment will be given without any fee being payable.”可知这两项治疗不需要支付任何费用。 A项正确， B项错误。 由“Those who wish may become private patients, paying for their treatment， but they must still pay their contributions to the national insurance and health”可知， 想成为自费病人的人要为治疗付费，但仍需付国家医疗保险费。 C项错误。 D项文中没有提及。
单选题 Which of the following is TRUE?
【正确答案】 B
【答案解析】判断正误题。 由“When a man is out of work, he may draw unemployment benefit until he finds work again； 可知政府提供失业救济金是为了帮人们度过难关， 直到人们找到工作。 B项正确。 由“Obviously, the amount paid is comparatively small, for the State does not want people to stop working in order to draw a handsome sum of money for doing nothing!”可知政府失业救济金数额很小， 因为不想人们依靠救济金而不去工作， A项“失业救济金使人们懒惰地呆在家里“不符合文意。 C项文中没有提及。 由“If he is married, the allowance he receives will be larger”可知结婚的人会获得更多救济金， 但并不是说只有结婚人士才能获得此救济金。 D项错误。
单选题 “From the cradle to the grave” in Para. 6 means _______.
【正确答案】 D
【答案解析】根据最后一句“There is also an allowance for funerals, for the State boasts that it looks after people ‘from cradle to the grave’”可知政府补贴还包括葬礼津贴， 因为政府夸口说人们从生到死它都会予以照顾。 D项符合题意。
单选题 This passage is mainly about ______ in Britain.
【正确答案】 B
【答案解析】文章开头讲了英国医疗保险项目的资金来源， 然后介绍此项计划的目的， 具体内容， 然后又介绍了几种津贴， 如失业保险金， 葬礼补贴。 综上， 可知全文讲的是英国的福利系统。 B项正确。