单选题 There are a great many careers in which the increasing emphasis is on specialization. You find these careers in engineering, in production, in statistical work, and in teaching. But there is an increasing demand for people who are able to take in great area at a glance, people who perhaps do not know too much about any one field. There is, in other words, a demand for people who are capable of seeing the forest rather than the trees, of making general judgments. We can call these people "generalists. " And these "generalists" are particularly needed for positions in administration, where it is their job to see that other people do the work, where they have to plan for other people, to organize other people's work, to begin it and judge it. The specialist understands one field; his concern is with technique and tools. He is a "trained" man; and his educational background is properly technical or professional. The generalist — and especially the administrator — deals with people; his concern is with leadership, with planning, and with direction giving. He is an "educated" man; and the humanities are his strongest foundation. Very rarely is a specialist capable of being an administrator. And very rarely is a good generalist also a good specialist in particular field. Any organization needs both kinds of people, though different organizations need them in different proportions. It is your task to find out, during your training period, into which of the two kinds of jobs you fit, and to plan your career accordingly. Your first job may turn out to be the right job for you — but this is pure accident. Certainly you should not change jobs constantly or people will become suspicious of your ability to hold any job. At the same time you must not look upon the first job as the final job; it is primarily a training job, an opportunity to understand yourself and your fitness for being an employee.

单选题 There is an increasing demand for______.

【正确答案】 B

【答案解析】解析：第一段第三、四句指出，对“一眼即能看到很大范围，可能对任一领域都知之不多；能够看到森林而不是树木，能够做出总体判断”的人的需求在日益增加。第五句将这一类人定义为通才。第六句指出，管理领域尤需通才来组织他人的工作。题干和B选项为该部分内容的概括，people即指通才。

单选题 The specialist is______.

【正确答案】 D

【答案解析】解析：第二段第一、二句指出，专家的主要关注对象是技术和工具，他受过恰当的技术或专业教育。D选项是对这两句内容的概括，为正确选项。A选项利用动词train作为干扰，专家是“受过培训者”而非“培训他人者”。B编造了文中没有的信息in more than onefields，故排除。C选项张冠李戴，该内容为对通才的描述。

单选题 The administrator is______.

【正确答案】 C

【答案解析】解析：第二段第三句指出了通才，尤其是管理者的工作对象和工作内容。紧接着第四句指出，人文学科是他最坚强的基石。C选项为第四句的同义改写，为正确选项。A、D选项反向干扰，第二段第五句明确指出，鲜有专家能够胜任管理者。从第二段的描述可知，管理者更倾向于是通才，B选项偷梁换柱，将通才的特点see the forest rather than the trees改为see the trees as well as the forest。

单选题 During your training period, it is important______.

【正确答案】 D

【答案解析】解析：根据题干的时间关键词during your training period定位到第二段末句。该句指出，在培训期间，你的任务是从两类工作(two kinds of jobs)中找到适合你的一种，并作出相应的职业规划。根据上文可知，two kinds of jobs即指“专家”和“通才”。故D选项正确。A与文义不符，B、C文中未提及。