阅读理解 Billions of people across the world are in need of and demanding a better globalisation—one that puts the economy to work for people and not the other way round. The financial crash exposed just how detached the global economy has become from our values—a misalignment that is most pronounced in the world's response to the global epidemic of youth unemployment.
The impact is also felt closer to home, with industrialised countries experiencing large spikes in worklessness among young people; in both Europe and the US, one young person in five is looking for a job.
But it doesn't need to be this way. In developing and developed countries alike, education is the key to giving young people the skills they need to be successful in a modern economy. As Nelson Mandela wrote in his autobiography: "Education is the great engine of personal development. It is through education that the daughter of a peasant can become a doctor." For that reason, I was delighted to accept an invitation from the Global Campaign for Education—an organisation that brings together some of the world's leading NGOs, trade unions and campaigners in this field—to convene, in the company of the activist Graca Machel, Mandela's wife, a "high-level panel" to promote the cause of education throughout the world. In that capacity, I have authored a report on education and growth to argue the case for a global push on education.
The case, I believe, is compelling. It is built on the twin pillars of ethics and economics: ethics because it is unfair that so many young people are being denied—through no fault of their own—the opportunity to develop their talents and are condemned to poverty, and economics because this waste of human capital is grossly economically inefficient.
New research presented in the report shows that a renewed push towards the Millennium Development Goal of quality basic primary education for all the world's children by 2015 could increase per capita income growth in the poorest countries by 2 per cent over projected levels. That would be good news for developing countries and would make a big difference to the fight against global poverty—but it would be good news, too, for western economies. People are often surprised to learn that sub-Saharan Africa is now a trillion-dollar economy and that it grew faster than India and Brazil between 2000 and 2010. In an era when both Europe and America appear set for sluggish growth in the short term, we need to do everything we can to support the development of alternative poles of growth in the global economy—poles that can boost global demand for our goods and services. Tackling youth unemployment in developing countries and addressing it in the developed nations are, therefore, two sides of the same coin.
单选题 11.The current globalization is probably one that______.
【正确答案】 C
【答案解析】属信息推断题。选项A犯了移花接木的错误,文章提到金融危机(而非全球化本身)暴露了全球经济与人们价值观的不对等性,故选项A错误。选项B犯了答非所问的错误,题目问的是现行的全球化是怎样的,但选项B回答的是人们所希望的全球化的样子,故错误。文中讲到人们希望有~种更好的全球化模式,即经济能够服务于人,而非与之相反;故可推测,现行的全球化模式很可能就是这种反过来的模式,即经济牵制人的生活,故选项C正确。选项D犯了无中生有的错误,文中并未提及青年失业是由全球化所引起,故错误。
单选题 12.The reason why the author accepted the invitation of the Global Campaign for education is that______.
【正确答案】 D
【答案解析】属信息推断题。选项A犯了答非所问的错误,虽然选项A的内容符合原文,但并不符合题意,故错误。选项B犯了无中生有的错误,文中只提及作者将与此人一道工作,而不是说作者接受该组织的邀请就为了见这个人,故错误。选项C犯了移花接木的错误,文中只说作者发表了一篇文章,而并未提及该组织授予作者资格发表文章,故错误。从文中第三段第五句开头的“forthat reason”可以看出作者接受邀请的原因在上文中,上文提到教育可以改变年轻人就业难的问题,故选项D符合题意。
单选题 13.The underlined phrase in Paragraph 3 refers to______.
【正确答案】 D
【答案解析】属词义推断题。本题考查的是“company”为核心的短语,由于原文句子较长,对词义容易造成干扰。短语所在句的大致意思是作者参与了一个组织,这个组织致力于召集一个高级专家小组,以推动全球教育事业。短语后跟着一个人名,如果“company”为其最普通的含义“公司”,这个短语即意为“在这个人的公司里”;但作者是参与了这个组织的活动,而不是在某个公司内部,故选项A和选项B错误。选项C意为“小队”,“company”本身确实有一个不常用的意思——“连队”,但若此处意为“小队”则后面应接人数,而不是具体的人,故错误。选项D意为“陪伴“,原文应理解为“与…一道,共同…”,故选项D正确。
单选题 14.The author writes about the sub-Saharan Africa to demonstrate______.
【正确答案】 B
【答案解析】属逻辑关系题。通过题目中的“sub-Saharan Africa”可定位至文章第五段第三句,作者提到这个撒哈拉以南非洲的意图可在下旬中找到答案。下一句说在欧洲和美国发展速度减慢的时期内,支持新增长点的发展就显得很重要了,故选项B符合题意。选项A犯了夸大其词的错误,欧洲经济短期内增长确实会很缓慢,但并非就此衰落,故错误。选项C较有迷惑性,作者整篇都在讲述教育的重要性,但单就题目考查的内容而言,选项C则并非作者的真正意图,故错误。选项D犯了无中生有的错误,文中并未提及撒哈拉以南非洲的发展是源于对抗贫穷,故错误。
单选题 15.Which of the following will the author most agree?
【正确答案】 C
【答案解析】属观点推断题。选项A犯了夸大其词的错误,文章提到撒哈拉以南非洲的经济增速在2000年至2010年期间比印度和巴西还要快,但并非整个21世纪都是如此,故错误。选项B犯了曲解文意的错误,与原文最后一句的意思正相反,故错误。在文章第四段中作者指出,年轻人不该被剥夺展现才华的机会,而这并非由于他们自身的原因,而作者通篇都在陈述青年失业源于教育问题,故选项C正确。选项D犯了偷梁换柱的错误,文章最后一段只讲到最贫困的国家人均收入可能增长2%,而最贫穷的国家并非所有非洲国家,故错误。