单选题 Etymology, the study of words and word roots, may sound like the kind of thing done by boring librarians in small, dusty rooms. Yet etymologists actually have a uniquely interesting job. They are in many ways just like archaeologists digging up the physical history of people and events. The special aspect of etymology is that it digs up history, so to speak, through the words and phrases that are left behind.
The English language, in particular, is a great arena in which to explore history through words. As a language, English has an extraordinary number of words. This is in part due to its ability to adapt foreign words so readily. For example, "English" words such as kindergarten (from Germany), croissant (from French), and cheetah(from Hindi) have become part of the language with little or no change from their original sounds and spellings. So English-language etymologists have a vast world of words to explore.
Another enjoyable element of etymology for most word experts is solving word mysteries. No, etymologists do not go around solving murders, cloaked in intrigue like the great fictional detective Sherlock Holmes. What these word experts solve are mysteries surrounding the origins of some of our most common words.
One of the biggest questions English language experts have pursued is how English came to have the phrase OK. Though it is one of the most commonly used slang expressions, its exact beginning is a puzzle even to this day. Even its spelling is not entirely consistent—unless you spell it okay, it's hard even to call it a word.
Etymologists have been able to narrow OK's origin down to a likely, although not certain, source. It became widely used around the time of Matin Van Buren's run for president in 1840. His nickname was Old Kinderhook. What troubles word experts about this explanation is that the phrase appeared in some newspapers before Van Buren became well-known. As a result, it's unlikely that Van Buren could be called its primary source. Like bloodhounds following a faint scent, etymologists will doubtless keep searching for the initial source. However, it is clear that OK's popularity and fame have exceeded those of the American president to whom it has been most clearly linked.
单选题 In the second paragraph, etymologists are compared with which of the following?
  • A. Librarians in a dark room.
  • B. Explorers of an immense world.
  • C. Expert drivers.
  • D. Talented teachers.
【正确答案】 B
【答案解析】[解析] 在第二段,语源学家被比作什么?巨大世界的探索者。作者在第二段最后一句说,英语语源学家们需要探索广阔的词语天地。
单选题 The author uses the words "kindergarten," "croissant," and "cheetah" to illustrate
  • A. words with unknown origins
  • B. examples of difficult English vocabulary
  • C. words similarly spelled or spoken in two languages
  • D. areas of dispute among etymologists
【正确答案】 C
【答案解析】[解析] 作者用词语kindergarten,croissant和cheetah说明两种语言中拼写或发音相同的词语。第二段第四句说,源自德语的kindergarten,源自法语的croissant和源自印地语的cheetah都成为英语的一部分,跟原来的发音和拼写相比没有太多改变或没有改变。
单选题 Which of the following best describes an etymologist?
  • A. Pursuer of the source of words.
  • B. Lover of vocabulary words.
  • C. Scientist of the five senses.
  • D. Archaeologist of extinct language.
【正确答案】 A
【答案解析】[解析] 以下哪一项能最恰当地描写词源学家?寻求词语出处的人。第一段说,词源学家实际上从事非常有趣的工作。从多种意义上讲,他们好像是发掘人物和事件历史的考古学家。可以说,词源学的特别之处在于它通过遗留下来的词和短语发掘历史。
单选题 This passage is primarily about ______.
  • A. the history of the English language
  • B. enjoyable aspects of the studies of words
  • C. the use of language in the American presidency
  • D. the origin of the phrase "OK"
【正确答案】 B
【答案解析】[解析] 这篇短文主要讲述词语研究的一些乐趣。第二段第一句提到的一个乐趣是通过词语探索历史,第三段第一句提到的一个乐趣是揭示词语的奥秘。