单选题 School shootings are in the news again. An Ohio teenager opened fire on five classmates, killing three students and injuring two others. In Seattle, the 9-year-old boy brought a gun to school and seriously injured a classmate when it was accidentally discharged in his backpack.
Children are injured and murdered every day, but school violence carries a symbolic power because we like to think of schools as safe havens (避难所) from the harshness of adult life. It's frightening to think that the institutions could be a place of injury or even death.
Politicians and taxpayers like to hold teachers responsible for their students' failures for the belief that a child's fate rests largely in the hands of the teacher in whose care he or she spends approximately 1,000 hours per year. Yet the remaining 7,760 hours are on someone else's watch: the parents. That's right, children spend on average only about 11% of their childhood lives in school.
But we rarely talk honestly about what can happen during the other eight-ninths of their waking and even sleeping hours. Children arrive at school poorly nourished and too fatigued to work. They spend too much time on television and too little on exercise. They are poorly socialised in ways that inhibit (阻碍) learning and kindness. They also bring unsecured weapons to school and use them on innocent people, including, sometimes, themselves.
Where are the parents? Children are being injured and killed through the negligence (疏忽) of the adults who are responsible for them. About one-third of households with children report owning at least one gun. Forty-three percent of these homes report keeping firearms in an unlocked place, while only 39% of these homes keep the guns locked, unloaded and separate from ammunition (子弹), as recommended by many gun-safety advocates. Nationally, 90% of fatal firearm shootings of children ages 0 to 14 occur in the home.
We are not saying that every time a kid does something wrong, a parent must be held responsible or be blamed. But a system that focuses its attention for kids' faults everywhere but at home is equally blind. We hold hosts liable when a driver drinks at their home and kills someone while driving drunk. Having an unlocked, loaded gun in a home with a child under 16 should be a crime.

单选题 Why it is frightening to think that children would be injured ha schools?

A、 Because weapons are prohibited in schools.
B、 Because there is a surge of school violence.
C、 Because school violence has a widespread effect.
D、 Because schools are considered as safe enough places.

【正确答案】 D

【答案解析】根据题干中的it is frightening to think that将本题出处定位于第2段最后一句。第2段最后一句提到，一想到学校可能是一个带来伤害甚至是死亡的地方，人们就会不寒而栗。人们之所以会这样的原因在上一句提到：我们都认为学校是安全的港湾，那里远离成人世界中的残酷。综合这两句可知，人们想到那些之所以会不寒而栗，是因为他们觉得学校是个足够安全的地方。D中的safe enough places对应文中的safe havens。A属于无中生有，文中没有提及校园禁止武器的话题，故排除；B与题干之间没有因果关系，故排除；C是利用该段第1句中的school violence carries a symbolic power设置的干扰。 [全文翻译] 新闻中再次出现了校园枪击事件。俄亥俄州的一个少年向五位同学开枪，造成三人死亡，两人受伤。西雅图一个九岁的男孩带枪上学，结果枪支在背包中意外走火，造成一名同学受重伤。每天都有儿童受伤或者遇害，但是校园暴力带有象征性的影响，因为我们都认为学校是安全的港湾，那里远离成人世界中的残酷。因此一想到学校可能是一个带来伤害甚至是死亡的地方，人们就会不寒而粟。政治家和纳税人往往认为老师应当为学生的失误负责，因为他们相信孩子们每年大约有1000个小时的时间是受老师监护的，因而老师在很大程度上掌握着孩子们的命运。然而，其余的7760小时是在其他人的监护之下，那就是家长。没错，孩子在学校度过的时光平均大约只占他们童年的11%。然而，我们很少坦诚地讨论在这剩下的或睡或醒的8/9的时间中会发生什么。孩子们饥肠辘辘，或是昏昏欲睡地来到学校。他们看电视的时间太长，而锻炼的时间太少。他们交际能力太差，因而影响了学习，也不懂得与人为善。他们还把危险武器带到学校并用其攻击无辜的人，有时还伤害他们自己。这时候家长又在哪呢?应该对孩子负有责任的大人因为疏忽大意给孩子带来了伤害和死亡。据报道，大约1/3有孩子的家庭至少持有一把枪。这些家庭中有43%是把枪械存放在没有上锁的地方，只有39%的家庭遵从了许多枪支安全倡导者的建议，把枪支存放在上锁的地方，卸下子弹，并将枪支与子弹分开存放。在全国，发生在0～14岁孩子身上的致命枪击案件有90%都是发生在家里。我们并不是说每次孩子犯了错，家长都应该负责或受到责备。但是这种为孩子的失误到处找理由而唯独疏忽了家庭的做法同样也是盲目的。当司机在别人家里喝了酒，然后酒驾致人死亡时，我们也会追究那位主人的责任。因而，家里有16岁以下的儿童，家长们却把子弹上膛的枪支放在不上锁的地方，这也是一种犯罪。

单选题 Teachers tend to be blamed for their students' failures because ______.

A、 parents pay them a lot of money
B、 what they do is to instruct students
C、 they largely determine their students' fate
D、 students spend 11% of their childhood life in school

【正确答案】 C

【答案解析】根据题干中的their students' failures将本题出处定位于第3段第1句。第3段第1句提到，政治家和纳税人往往认为老师应当为学生的失误负责，因为他们相信孩子们每年大约有1000个小时的时间是受老师监护的，因而老师在很大程度上掌握着孩子们的命运。由此可见，人们认为老师应当为学生的失误负责的原因在于他们认为老师在很大程度上决定了孩子的命运。C是对文中a child's fate rests largely in the hands of the teacher的同义转述。A和B都属于无中生有，文中没有提到家长给老师支付了很多钱，也没有提到老师的职责就是教育学生，故均可排除；D是家长应该为孩子行为负责的原因，故与题干之间没有因果关系，可排除。

单选题 The author thinks children's poor socialisation would ______.

A、 result in school violence
B、 hinder their learning and kindness
C、 make them too fatigued to work
D、 make them watch too much television

【正确答案】 B

【答案解析】根据题干中的poor socialisation将本题出处定位于第4段倒数第2句。第4段倒数第2句提到，他们(即孩子们)交际能力太差，因而影响了学习，也不懂得与人为善。由此可见，交际能力太差不仅会影响学习，而且导致他们不懂得与人为善。文中的in ways that意为“以这种方式从而导致……”，B中的hinder对应文中的inhibit。其他三项都是利用文中的信息设置的干扰项，与题意不符。

单选题 Which of the following is true according to passage?

A、 Adults who should be responsible for children sometimes neglect them.
B、 Nationally, about one-third of households own at least one gun.
C、 In America, all the families follow the gun-safe recommendation.
D、 90% of fatal firearm shootings happen to children under the age of 14.

【正确答案】 A

【答案解析】根据命题按照文章顺序进行的规律将本题出处定位于第5段第2句。第5段第2句提到，应该对孩子负有责任的大人因为疏忽大意给孩子带来了伤害和死亡。A是对该句的同义转述，其中的neglect对应文中的negligence。该段第3句说的是大约1/3有孩子的家庭至少有一把枪，而不是说全国1/3的家庭至少有一把枪，故排除B；由该段倒数第2句提到的“只有39%有孩子的家庭遵从了许多枪支安全倡导者的建议”可以排除C；D是对该段最后一句的错误理解，文中说的是“发生在0～14岁孩子身上的致命枪击案件有90%都是发生在家里”，故排除。

单选题 What does the author suggest in the last paragraph?

A、 Drunken driving should be punished severely.
B、 Teachers should be responsible for school shootings.
C、 Parents should be blamed for their children's every misdeed.
D、 Parents who don't safely keep their guns should be punished.

【正确答案】 D

【答案解析】根据题干中的in the last paragraph将本题出处定位于最后一段。最后一段最后一句提到，家里有16岁以下的儿童，家长却把子弹上膛的枪支放在不上锁的地方，这也是一种犯罪。这也就意味着，没有妥善管理枪支的家长应该受到惩罚。A是利用本段第3句中提到的酒驾行为设置的干扰，作者并未就酒驾行为提出建议，故排除；B与文章主旨相悖，作者主要是为了说明家长，而非老师，应该对枪击事件负有责任；由本段第1句提到的“我们并不是说每次孩子犯了错，家长都应该负责或受到责备”可以排除C。