单选题
Education is one of the key words of our time. A man,
without an education, many of us believe, is an unfortunate victim of adverse
circumstances deprived of one of the greatest twentieth-century opportunities.
Convinced of the importance of education, modem states "invest" in institutions
of learning to get back "interest" in the form of a large group of enlightened
young men and women who are potential leaders. Education, with its cycles of
instruction so carefully worked out, is punctuated by textbooks—those
purchasable wells of wisdom—what would civilization be like without its
benefits? So much is certain: that we would have doctors and
preachers, lawyers and defendants, marriages and births; but our spiritual
outlook would be different. We would lay less stress on "facts and figures" and
more on a good memory, on applied psychology, and on the capacity of a man to
get along with his fellow citizens. If our educational system were fashioned
after its bookless past we would have the most democratic form of "college"
imaginable. Among the people whom we like to call savages all knowledge
inherited by tradition is shared by all; it is taught to every member of the
tribe so that in this respect everybody is equally equipped for life.
It is the ideal condition of the "equal start" which only our most
progressive forms of modem education try to reach again. In primitive cultures
the obligation to seek and to receive the traditional instruction is binding on
all. There are no "illiterates"—if the term can be applied to peoples without a
script—while our own compulsory school attendance became law in Germany in 1642,
in France in 1806, and in England in 1876, and is still non-existent in a number
of "civilized" nations. This shows how long it was before we deemed it necessary
to make sure that all our children could share in the knowledge accumulated by
the "happy few" during the past centuries. Education in the
wilderness is not a matter of monetary means. All are entitled to an equal
start. There is none of the hurry that, in our society, often hampers the full
development of a growing personality. There, a child grows up under the
ever-present attention of his parents; therefore the jungles and the savannahs
know of no "juvenile delinquency (违法行为)". No necessity of making a living away
from home results in neglect of children, and no father is confronted with his
inability to "buy" an education for his child.
单选题
Those purchasable wells of wisdom mentioned in the first paragraph are
______.
A. education
B. cycles of instruction
C. circumstances
D. textbooks
【正确答案】
D
【答案解析】[考点] 细节题
[解析] 根据题干信号词purchasable wells of wisdom以及出处提示in the first paragraph可回文定位到首段尾句Education, with its cycles of instruction so carefully worked out, is punctuated by textbooks—those purchasable wells of wisdom—what would civilization be like without its benefits. (教育，拥有精心设计的教学周期，又由教科书——那些可以购买到的智慧源——加以强化，倘若没有这些好处，文明会是什么状态呢)，故此处为本题目的“题眼”。根据指示代词those的指代关系(指代对象通常在上文)以及句子结构分析可知，purchasable wells of wisdom与破折号前面的textbooks是同位语关系，在逻辑上语义等同，因此本题答案是D。
单选题
According to the text, which of the following statements is NOT true?
A. Modem states believe in the important function of institutions of
learning.
B. Modem states profit a lot from their investment in education.
C. We would still have doctors and preachers without modem education.
D. Modem education lay much stress on "facts and figures".
单选题
According to the author, there are no "illiterates" in primitive
cultures because ______.
A. they are all illiterates
B. peoples there are savages without a script
C. it's binding on all to receive the traditional instruction
D. there exists the most progressive form of education
【正确答案】
C
【答案解析】[考点] 原因分析题
[解析] 根据题干信号词there are no "illiterates"可回文定位到第三段第三句There are no "illiterates"...，但鉴于原因分析题的解题思路是关注回文定位信息的上文或下文，故考生可把本句的上下文信息做分析比对，并最终根据另一信号词in primitive cultures锁定本段第二句为本题目“题眼”，即原因：In primitive cultures the obligation to seek and to receive the traditional instruction is binding to all. (在原始文化中，寻求接受传统教育是一种义务，对于所有成员都是必须的)。由此可知：在原始文化地区不存在“文盲”是因为所有成员都必须接受传统教育。
单选题
The author's attitude toward the educational practice in the bookless
past is ______.
A. approving
B. prejudiced
C. critical
D. objective
【正确答案】
A
【答案解析】[考点] 作者态度题
[解析] 根据题干信号词the educational practice in the bookless past可回文定位到第二段第三句If our educational system were fashioned after its bookless past we would have the most democratic form of "college" imaginable(如果我们的教育体制效仿的是没有图书的过去那样，我们将拥有最民主的大学形式)，此处为本题目的“题眼”。鉴于作者态度题的解题思路是关注题眼信息的主观感受表达，故考生应锁定本句的作者态度提示词most democratic(最民主的)，由此可见，作者对“过去没有图书情况下的教育做法”持“肯定”态度，A项approving(认同的)正确。
单选题
It can be inferred from the last paragraph that ______.
A. all people have access to an equal start in education in the
wilderness
B. education in the primitive cultures has nothing to do with money
C. juvenile delinquency in our society arises from parents' inadequate
attention to their children
D. a child generally grows up in the presence of his parents' attention in
our society