填空题
The History of the Fridge

1 The fridge is considered a necessity. It has been so since the 1960s when packaged food first appeared with the label: "store in the refrigerator."
2 In my fridgeless fifties childhood, I was fed well and healthily. The milkman came daily, the grocer, the butcher, the baker, and the ice-cream man delivered two or three times a week. The Sunday meat would last until Wednesday and surplus bread and milk became all kinds of cakes. Nothing was wasted and we were never troubled by rotten food. Thirty years on, food deliveries have ceased, fresh vegetables are almost unobtainable in the country.
3 The invention of the fridge contributed comparatively little to the art of food preservation. A vast variety of well-tried techniques already existed—natural cooling, drying, smoking, salting, sugaring, bottling...
4 What refrigeration did promote was marketing—marketing hardware and electricity, marketing soft drinks, marketing dead bodies of animals around the globe in search of a good price.
5 Consequently, most of the world"s fridges are to be found, not in the tropics where they might prove useful, but in the wealthy countries with mild temperatures where they are climatically almost unnecessary. Every winter, millions of fridges hum away continuously and at vast expense, busily maintaining an artificially-cooled space inside an artificially-heated house—while outside, nature provides the desired temperature free of charge.
6 The fridge"s effect upon the environment has been evident, while its contribution to human happiness has been insignificant. If you don"t believe me, try it yourself. Invest in a food cabinet (橱柜) and turn off your fridge next winter. You may miss the hamburgers but at least you"ll get rid of that terrible hum.
1. Paragraph 2 1
A. The Invention of the Fridge
B. The Pollution Caused by Fridges
C. The Widespread Need for Fridges
D. The Days Without the Fridge
E. The Waste of Energy Caused by Fridges
F. The Fridge"s Contribution to Commerce
D
[解析] 第二段主要讲的是在20世纪50年代没有冰箱时作者的童年生涯，那时虽然没有冰箱，但零售商、肉贩、面包师、送冰人等都会送货上门，一周会去两三次，所以人们既能吃上新鲜的食物，也不会浪费。
2. Paragraph 4 2
F
[解析] 第四段主要讲的是冰箱促进了市场营销，即冰箱对商业的贡献。
3. Paragraph 5 3
E
[解析] 第五段第一句表明，世界上大多数冰箱并不在有其用武之地的热带，而是在几乎不需要它的温带；第五段第二句又表明，冰箱不仅带来了噪音污染，而且没有多大用处。综合起来，这两句同时表明冰箱是对能源的一种浪费。
4. Paragraph 6 4
B
[解析] 第六段最后一句提到冰箱会发出“hum”(嗡嗡声)，这是一种噪音污染。本段主要讲的就是冰箱所带来的噪音污染。
5. Before fridges came into use, it was still possible for people to have fresh foods because 5.
A. milk, meat, vegetables, etc. were delivered
B. it has promoted the sales of many kinds of commodities
C. a new, economical way to preserve food
D. most kids like iced soft drinks
E. something every housewife needs
F. produced by the fridge when it is working
A
[解析] 第二段表明，在没有冰箱的年月中，牛奶、肉类、蔬菜等都有专门的商贩派送，所以人们依然能得到新鲜的食物。
6. The invention of the fridge has not provided 6.
C
[解析] 第三段第一句提到，冰箱的发明对食物保鲜的贡献比较小，它保存食物的方法并不新颖、经济，故选C。
7. An important contribution made by the invention of the fridge is that 7.
B
[解析] 由第四段可知，冰箱对市场营销有促进作用，也就是说，冰箱促进了各种商品的销售。
8. If you stop using the fridge, at least you won"t be troubled by the noise 8.
F
[解析] 第六段最后一句提到，关掉冰箱后，它工作时发出的嗡嗡的噪音也就消失了，故选F。
Paragraph 2 1
A. The Invention of the Fridge
B. The Pollution Caused by Fridges
C. The Widespread Need for Fridges
D. The Days Without the Fridge
E. The Waste of Energy Caused by Fridges
F. The Fridge"s Contribution to Commerce
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【正确答案】 1、**unknown,    2、**unknown,    3、**unknown,    4、**unknown,    5、**unknown,    6、**unknown,    7、**unknown,    8、**unknown    
【答案解析】F[解析] 第六段最后一句提到，关掉冰箱后，它工作时发出的嗡嗡的噪音也就消失了，故选F。