单选题
Questions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage
convenience food helps companies by creating growth, but what is its effect on people? For people who think cooking was the foundation of civilization the microwave is the last enemy The communion of eating together
Is easily broken by a device that liberates households citizens from waiting for mealtimes The first great revolution in the history of food is in danger of being undone The companionship of the campfire cooking pot and common table, which have helped to bond humans in collaborative living for at least 150000 year could be destroyed
Meals have certainly sated from the rise of convenience food. The only meals regularly taken together in Britain these days are at the weekend, among rich families struggling to retain something of the old symbol of togetherness Indeed, the day’s first meal has all but, disappeared, In the 20 st century the leisure British breakfast was undermined by the com flake in the 21 st breakfast is vanishing altogether a victim of the quick cup of coffee in Starbucks and the cereal bar
Convenience food has also made people forget how to cook one of the apparent paradoxes of modern food is that while the amount of lime spent cooking meals has fallen from 60 minutes a day in 1980 to 13M a day in 2002, the number of cooks and television programmer on cooking has multiplied But perhaps this isn’t a paradox Maybe it is became people can’t cook anymore, so they need to be told how to do it, or maybe it is because people buy books about hobbies...golf, yachting...not about chores. Cooking has erased to be a chore and has became a hobby
Although everybody lives in the kitchen its facilities are increasingly for display rather than for use Mr Silverstein’s now book ,“trading up” look at mid-range consumer’s milling now to splash out He says that industrial-style Viking cook pot, with nearly twice the heat output of other range ranges, have helped to push the "kitchen as theater” trend in hour goods They cost from $1000 to $9000 Some 75% of them are never used.
Convenience also has an impact on the healthiness, or otherwise, of food of course there is nothing bad about ready to eat food itself You don’t get much healthier than an apple, and supermarkets sell a better for you range of ready-meals, But there is a limit to the number of apples people want to eat, and these days it is easier for people to eat the kind of food bloat makes them fat The three Harvard economists in their paper "why have Americans brooms more obese?” point out that in the past, if people wanted to eat fatty hot food they had to cook it. That took rune and energy a good chip needs frying twice, once to cook the potato and once to get it crispy Which discouraged of consumption of that cost of food Mass preparation of .food took away that constraint Nobody has to cut and double cook their own fries these days Who has the time?
【答案解析】[解析] 语义理解题。题干中的paradox定位在第三段第二句,该句用了one of the apparent paradox of modem。food is that...的表语从句语法结构,因此paradox的意思就是表语从句的含义。表语从句由while引导的让步状语和主句构成,也就是从句和主句是转折关系,因此推理过程如下:
让步状语从句 方便食品造成花在烹饪上的时间下降
主句 然而,由于人们不知道如何烹饪(因为方便食品使人们忘记了烹饪),因此要看
电视和书籍来学习烹饪,因此需要花更多的时间
推理 方便食品并没有节省时间——在烹饪上节省的时间又花费在看书和电视学习烹
饪上了
A选项对应第三段第一句,定位错误。
B选项the facilities in the kitchen在原文没有对应,属于无中生有。
C选项中的obese和unhealthy定位在第四段,定位错误。
D选项对应以上推理过程。但此题在出题中有逻辑漏洞,第二句后半句指出关于烹饪的书籍和电视节目越来越多,这是客观事实,但是人们不一定就有主观倾向花时间看这些书籍和电视节目,那么也就不会花费时间。因此也无法推理出D选项。
单选题
What des the passage mainly discuss?
【正确答案】
A
【答案解析】解析] 主旨题。分析文章各段内容可知:
第一段内容 方便食品和微波炉等破坏了维系人类社会关系的烹饪历史传统
第二段内容 方便食品的出现削弱了正式用餐习惯
第三段内容 方便食品让人们忘记了如何烹饪,烹饪从家务劳动变成了兴趣爱好
第四段内容 厨房设备更多是摆设而非使用
第五段内容 方便食品造成肥胖,有害身体健康
第六段内容 方便食品造成肥胖的原因分析
第一段第四句中的in danger of being undone,第二段第一句中的suffer,第三段第一句的made people forget how to cook,第四段第一句中的its facilities are for display rather than for use,第五段第一句中的impact on the healthiness,都是表示负面否定的词汇,对应A选项中的bad effects,为正确答案。而B选项对应第四段内容,C选项对应第三段内容,D选项对应第一段内容,都属于以偏赅全。
单选题
Why has American become mote obsess?
【正确答案】
D
【答案解析】[解析] 推理题。题干中的American become more obese定位在最后一段第一句,该句用了why问及原因,因此答案指向该段后面内容。后面内容指出以前人们吃导致肥胖的食品需要自己做,由于花大量时间和精力,所以人们就不去做了。而现在由于方便食品的出现,人们就不需要花费时间和精力也能吃到那些导致肥胖的食品。导致肥胖的原因是,方便食品节省了人们的时间和精力,对应D选项。A选项是作者举的具体例子,而不是主要原因,A选项属于以偏赅全。
单选题
Which of the following might the another mostly agree with?
【正确答案】
B
【答案解析】[解析] 推理题。题干没有明确的定位点,因此需要选项回原文一一对应。
A选项定位在第五段第二句,选项中的nothing bad about convenience food对应nothing bad about ready to eat food itself。A选项是原文的同义改写。
B选项是对最后一段最后三句内容的推理。
C选项是对第一段第一句内容的同义改写。
D选项是对第一段第四句内容的同义改写。
好像四个选项都正确,但是结合本文主旨发现本文主要谈及的是方便食品的负面影响,而且A、C、D选项在原文定位处后面都有but表示转折关系,转折后才是作者真实观点的体现。而这三个选项在转折前,不符合本文主旨。因此只有B选项中的lazy表示方便食品的负面影响,符合本文主旨。