问答题
{{B}}Directions:{{/B}}
Read the following text carefully and
then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be
written clearly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (10 points)
Fatigue is one of the most common complaints brought to
doctors, friends, and relatives. You'd think in this era of labor-saving and
convenient transportation that few people would have reason to be so tired. The
causes of modern-day fatigue are diverse and only rarely related to excessive
physical exertion. Today, physicians report, tiredness is more likely a
consequence of underexercise than of wearing yourself down with
overactivity.
Physical fatigue is the well-known result of
overworking your muscles. (46) {{U}}Physical fatigue is usually a pleasant
tiredness, such as that which you might experience after playing a hard set of
tennis, chopping wood, or climbing a mountain.{{/U}} The cure is simple and fast:
You rest, giving your body a chance to get rid of accumulated waste and restore
muscle fuel.
(47) {{U}}Illness induced fatigue is a warning sign
or consequence of some underlying physical disorder, perhaps the common cold or
flu or something more serious like cancer, while other symptoms are present that
often suggest the true cause.{{/U}} Even after an illness passed, you're likely to
feel dragged out for a week or more. (48) {{U}}Take your fatigue as a signal to go
slow while your body has a chance to recover fully even if all you had was a
cold.{{/U}} Pushing yourself to resume full activity too soon will certainly
prolong your period of fatigue.
Emotional problems and
conflicts, especially depression and anxiety, are by far the most common causes
of prolonged fatigue. When such feelings are not expressed openly, they often
come out as physical symptoms, with fatigue as one of the most common
manifestations. (49) {{U}}Understanding the underlying emotional problem is the
crucial first step toward curing psychological fatigue and by itself often
results in considerable lessening of the tiredness.{{/U}} Professional
psychological help or career or marriage counseling may be needed.
There is a great deal you can do on your own to deal with both severe
prolonged fatigue and those periodic washed-out feelings. You might try to do
moderate exercise. (50) {{U}}Contrary to what you may think, exercise enhances,
rather than drains, engery and helps you to resist fatigue by increasing your
body's ability to handle more of a workload.{{/U}} At the end of a day exercise
can relieve accumulated tensions, give you more energy in the evening, and help
you sleep more restfully.
【正确答案】
【答案解析】病症引起的疲劳是某种潜在的身体功能紊乱的警报或后果，比如常见的感冒、流感或其它诸如癌症等更为严重的病症；除了疲劳感之处，还会出现其它症状，而这些症状往往表明真正的病因。
[要点分析] 此题目较长。虽然前半句话(while之前部分)比较长，但是却容易理解，不难翻译。难点在于定语从句that often suggest the true cause。由于该从句与其先行词other symptoms之间有表语at present相隔，不容易理解。我们可以通过语法上的主谓一致，即名词symptoms与动词suggest的复数一致来判断先行词和其定语从句。在翻译时，把定语从句翻译成独立的句子，以避免过长的前置定语，如“一些往往表明真正病因的其它的症状”。最后，连词while表示病症引起的疲劳和其它症状同时出现，可以翻译为“同时”，但是，这里翻译为“除了疲劳感之处”，以保持汉语前后两句的语义连贯。考查点：先行词和其定语从句的判断及翻译。
【正确答案】
【答案解析】即便你只是得到一场感冒，你也应当把这种疲劳看作是一个提醒你悠着点儿的信号，以便让身体有机会完全恢复。
[要点分析] 此题目中的第一句话较长，也较难翻译，其中时间状语从句while your body has a chance to recover fully和动词短语go slow是重点。首先要正确理解动词短语go slow。这个短语字面意思是“慢些走”或“动作慢一些”，其引申义是“不要急于做什么”。因此，翻译成“悠着点”非常恰当。正确理解了动词短语go slow，那么，时间状语从句从语义也可以看作是目的状语从句，因此，翻译成“以便让身体有机会完全恢复”。另外，泽文中加了动词“提醒”以与名词“信号”搭配。考查点：动词短语go slow的理解和对其引申义的翻译。
【正确答案】
【答案解析】治疗心理疲劳的关键第一步就是了解潜在的情绪问题，而了解潜在的情绪问题本身也常常会大大地减少疲劳感。
[要点分析] 此题目的难点是后半句by itself often results in considerable lessening of the tiredness理解。从语法关系即主谓一致分析看，后半句中的动词results in是单数第三人称，与前半句的主语Understanding the underlying emotional problem主谓一致，因此，可以看出这个句子只有一个主语即Understanding the underlying emotional problem，有两个谓语成分，即一个表语is the crucial first step toward curing psychological fatigue和一个谓语动词+定语结构，即results in considerable lessening of the tiredness。翻译时，后半句重复“了解潜在的情绪问题”，以避免汉语句子过长，造成理解困难。考查点：主语和谓语动词的判断和翻译。