Passage Three
“History is written by the victors.” This famous phrase reverberates throughout of the halls of the history, constantly reminds us to take all that we learn with a grain of salt, knowing that the information provided for our dissemination was provided, shaped and influenced by those left to open the pen-that record it. In that respect, one of the worst crimes against history is the revision of it, the altering of record of the past so as to reflect the viewpoint of a biased group who stand to benefit from the altered version.
By revising the lens by which history is judged, valuable information is lost, to the detriment of both students of the field as well as the awareness that comes from experience. Without an accurately recorded account to serve as a guiding light, nations and societies are left to stumble their way about their affairs, ignorant of what has and hasn't worked before, and unaware of what past events shaped and determined their present situation. Such dismal emerge from simple pride, as well as the desire of the revisionists to depict themselves in a better light to posterity or to cover up an embarrassing legacy, no matter the cost to the future.
Recent attempts by nations involved in the Second World War to minimize or erase altogether certain shameful incidents from their history textbooks has been met with international outrage and protest, and rightly so. By allowing future generations to forget or never even learn about how their ancestors stumbled on the path to progress, the experiences of those who suffered as a result of those mistakes are trivialized and made to be in vain. Also, a false sense of national identity emerges, inconsistent and inaccurate in its formation. Both are heinous results fa* both nationals of that particular nation as well as those of the international community, whose story intertwined to form the larger picture.
When a single string in the tapestry of world history is unraveled by revision, the entire piece becomes a weaker one, subject to additional modification at the whim of those who would like to use history as a tool for their own purposes, even if it means fundamentally changing it. This outcome must be avoided at all costs, firstly by not allowing a precedent to be established that makes it acceptable, even in a single case, to commit the revision. Otherwise, humans as race will fall prey to yet another oft-quoted phrase: “History, if forgotten, is doomed to be repeated.”
What docs the first sentence of the text imply?
第一段第一句“History is written by the victors. ” 历史是由胜利者书写的，这暗含了失败者的努力很少或没有被记录。注意题干中的imply “暗示，暗含”，因此D项最符合题意。
The author views the revision of history as________.
选项A 和选项D 过于笼统和绝对，选项B 在文中没有体现。由第二段最后一句“Such dismal emerge from simple pride, as well as the desire of the revisionists to depict themselves in a better light to posterity or to cover up an embarrassing legacy， no matter the cost to the future. ” 可知篡改历史的行为源于篡改者粉饰自我、讳言丑事的心理，所以选项C是正确答案。
Which of the following is true of historical revision?
第三段第一句中提到一些二战参战国试图篡改历史的行为遭到了国际社会的愤慨和抗议，因此A 选项不 正确。第三段最后一句话可以看出这种行为会对整个国际社会产生恶劣影响，因此排除C 选项。D 选项 比较有迷惑性，文中提到a false sense of national identity “错误的民族认同感”而非undeserved sense of national pride “不当的民族自豪感”。通过第三段第二句，可知篡改历史对后代会产生消极影响，所以 B项正确。
What does the underlined part in the last paragraph probably mean?
划线句子“在世界历史的织锦上，一旦有某一根线因篡改而被拆掉，整幅织锦就会变得脆弱”，可知一点点的变更都会使整个历史的可信度遭到怀疑，因此A 项正确。
What does the text intend to tell us?
概括主旨题。从全文最后一段“This outcome must be avoided at all costs, firstly by not allowing a precedent to be established that makes it acceptable， even in a single case， to commit the revision. ”可知作者主张坚决不能对历史进行任何篡改，因此C 选项是正确答案。