问答题 In each of the following sentences, the second part cancels some information given by the first part. However, this seems to result in quite acceptable utterances in group(l)and in very awkward utterances in group(2). Explain why.(北外2002研)Group(1)a.老张有三个小孩子,其实还不止三个。b.我只喜欢黄色和蓝色,不过试试红色也未尝不可。c.约翰的普通话说得还可以,确切地说是非常棒。Group(2)d.我特后悔选修了这门课,其实我没有选修这门课。e.她这次考试又不及格,不过她上次及格了。f.我在乡下日子过得很苦,说真的我没在乡下呆过。
【正确答案】正确答案:In group(1), the second parts of the three sentences all cancel the implied meaning of the first part by adding some extra contents. This is a character of cancellation of conversational implica-ture. The presence of a conversational implicature relies on a number of factors; the conventional meaning of words used, the CP, the linguistic and situational context, etc. , if any of them changes , the implicature will also change. This can be done simply by adding more information, like the examples in group(1). When the second parts are added, the original implicatures are no longer there. In group(2), the case is very different because the two parts of those sentences are self-contradictory. While in group(1), even the second part"s function of cancellation of implicature is based on the truth-value of the first part. So each second part in group(1)" s sentences will not change the truth-value of its corresponding first part. But in group(2), the sentences" second part actually deny the truth value of the first part, thus the two parts are inconsistent with each other and can not exist simultaneously. The sentences examples in group(2)are considered self-contradictory and then not acceptable.
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