Price determine how resources are to be used. They are also the means by which products and services that are in limited supply are rationed among buyers. The price system of the United States is a very complex network composed of the prices of all the products bought and sold in the economy as well as those of a myriad of services, including labor, professional transportation, and public-utility services. The interrelationships of all these prices make up the “system ” of prices. The prices of any particular product or service are linked to a broad, complicated system of prices in which everything seems to depend more or less upon everything else.
If one were to ask a group of randomly individuals to define “price ”, many would reply that price is an amount of money paid by the buyer to the seller of a product or service or, in other words, that price is the money value of a product or service as agreed upon in a market transaction. This definition is, of course, valid as far as it goes.
For a complete understanding of a price in any particular transaction, much more than the amount of money involved must be known. Both the buyer and the seller should be familiar with not only the money amount, but with the amount and quality of the product or service to be exchanged, the time and place at which the exchange will take place and payment will be made, the form of money to be used, and the credit terms and discounts that supply to the transaction, guarantees on the product or service, delivery terms, return privileges, and other factors. In other words, both buyer and seller should be fully aware of all the factors that comprise the total “package ” being exchanged for the asked-for amount of money in order that they may evaluate a given price.
According to the passage, the price system is related primarily to （ ）.
本题句意为：根据文章，价格体系主要与······相关。
A项：劳动与教育；
B项：运输和保险；
C项：公用设施和维修；
D项：产品和服务。
根据第一段“The prices of any particular product or service are linked to a broad, complicated system of prices.”可知，任何特定产品或服务的价格都与广泛而复杂的价格体系有关。
故正确答案为D。
According to the passage, which of the following is NOT a factor in the complete understanding of price?（ ）
本题句意为：根据文章，以下哪一项不是完全认识价格的因素？
A项：产品附带的说明；
B项：产品的数量；
C项：产品的质量；
D项：产品保修。
根据最后一段“Both the buyer and the seller should be familiar with not only the money amount, but with the amount and quality of the product or service to be exchanged, the time and place at which the exchange will take place and payment will be made, the form of money to be used, and the credit terms and discounts that supply to the transaction, guarantees on the product or service, delivery terms, return privileges, and other factors.”可知，买卖双方不仅应熟悉金额，还应熟悉要交换的产品或服务的数量和质量、交换和付款的时间和地点、使用的货币形式、为交易提供的信用条款和折扣、产品或服务保证、交货条款、退货特权和其他因素。B、C、D项均被提及，故选A项。
故正确答案为A。
In the last sentence of the passage, the world “they” refers to （ ）.
本题句意为：在文章的最后一句话中，“they”指的是······
A项：退赔权利；
B项：所有的因素；
C项：买方和卖方；
D项：钱。
最后一句话提到，为了能估算索价，买卖双方必须通晓构成交易物价格的通盘细节，they指代的是buyer and seller，故选C项。
故正确答案为C。
The paragraph following the passage most likely discusses （ ）.
本题句意为：文章后面的段落最有可能讨论······
A项：不寻常的产品广告方式；
B项：服务付款计划的类型；
C项：关于产品如何影响社会不同阶层的理论；
D项：价格的某些要素如何影响其市场价值。
文章最后一段提到了price package，接下来的内容很有可能围绕着其展开，故选D项。
故正确答案为D。
What is the best title for the passage?（ ）
本题句意为：哪一项是文章最好的标题？
A项：价格体系的内在弱点；
B项：价格体系的复杂性；
C项：交易中的信用条款；
D项：资源分配和公共部门。
根据第一段“The price system of the United States is a very complex network composed of the prices of all the products bought and sold in the economy as well as those of a myriad of services.”可知，美国的价格系统是复杂的网状系统，包括经济生活中一切产品买卖的价格，也包括名目繁多的各种服务，B项描述符合文章大意，故选B项。
故正确答案为B。