单选题 The journal Science is adding an extra round of statistical checks to its peer-review process, editor-in-chief Marcia McNutt announced today. The policy follows similar efforts from other journals, after widespread concern that basic mistakes in data analysis are contributing to the irreproducibility of many published research findings.
"Readers must have confidence in the conclusions published in our journal," writes McNutt in an editorial. Working with the American Statistical Association, the journal has appointed seven experts to a statistics board of reviewing editors (SBoRE). Manuscript will be flagged up for additional scrutiny by the journal"s internal editors, or by its existing Board of Reviewing Editors or by outside peer reviewers. The SBoRE panel will then find external statisticians to review these manuscripts.
Asked whether any particular papers had impelled the change, McNutt said: "The creation of the " statistics board" was motivated by concerns broadly with the application of statistics and data analysis in scientific research and is part of Science"s overall drive to increase reproducibility in the research we publish."
Giovanni Parmigiani, a biostatistician at the Harvard School of Public Health, a member of the SBoRE group, says he expects the board to "play primarily an advisory role." He agreed to join because he "found the foresight behind the establishment of the SBoRE to be novel, unique and likely to have a lasting impact. This impact will not only be through the publications in Science itself, but hopefully through a larger group of publishing places that may want to model their approach after Science."
John Ioannidis, a physician who studies research methodology, says that the policy is "a most welcome step forward" and "long overdue." "Most journals are weak in statistical review, and this damages the quality of what they publish. I think that, for the majority of scientific papers nowadays, statistical review is more essential than expert review," he says. But he noted that biomedical journals such as Annals of Internal Medicine, the Journal of the American Medical Association and The Lancet pay strong attention to statistical review.
Professional scientists are expected to know how to analyze data, but statistical errors are alarmingly common in published research, according to David Vaux, a cell biologist. Researchers should improve their standards, he wrote in 2012, but journals should also take a tougher line, "engaging reviewers who are statistically literate and editors who can verify the process". Vaux says that Science"s idea to pass some papers to statisticians "has some merit, but a weakness is that it relies on the board of reviewing editors to identify "the papers that need scrutiny" in the first place."

单选题 It can be learned from Paragraph 1 that

【正确答案】 B

【答案解析】[解析] 细节题。根据关键词Paragraph 1定位到第一段。根据第一段首句“《科学》正在对它的同行评议过程增加另外一轮统计数据检查”及第二句“该策略效仿其他报刊”可知，很多杂志都是这样做的。故B项“很多杂志都加强了它们的数据检查”为正确答案。A项“《科学》杂志试图简化它的同行审核进程”，C项“很少有杂志因为数据分析的失误而备受谴责”，D项“缺少数据分析在研究项目中很普遍”均在第一段没有提及，故排除。

单选题 The phrase "flagged up" (Para. 2) is the closest in meaning to

【正确答案】 C

【答案解析】[解析] 含义题。根据关键词“flagged up”(Para.2)定位到第二段。该段第三句意为“手稿将被《科学》的内部编辑、现有的审核编辑董事会或是同行审核者之外的人______”，flag表示“旗，旗帜”，后引申为“给特殊资料做标记的特别记号(计算机用语)”，mark也有表示“做标记”的意思，代入句中组成be marked for，符合文意，故C项为正确答案。A项“被找到”，B项“被修正”，D项“被储存”，均不不能代替画线词组，故排除。

单选题 Giovanni Parmigiani believes that the establishment of the SBoRE may

【正确答案】 D

【答案解析】[解析] 细节题。根据关键词Giovanni Parmigiani定位到第四段。根据该段末句“这不仅会通过《科学》本身的出版物来影响，也希望通过更多的可能想要模仿《科学》做法的出版机构来影响”可知，D项中的set an example是该句中model their approach的同义替换，故D项“为其他杂志树立模范”为正确答案。A项“对它所有的同行构成一种威胁”和B项“面临强烈的反对”与文章意思相反，C项“增加《科学》的发行量”原文没有提及，故排除。

单选题 David Vaux holds that what Science is doing now

单选题 Which of the following is the best titile of the text?

【正确答案】 A

【答案解析】[解析] 主旨题。根据关键词best titile定位到全文。全文的主题句出现在首段首句，即“…《科学》正在对它的同行评议过程增加另外一轮统计数据检查”，所以A项“《科学》加入推进论文统计数据审核行动中”为正确选项。B项“专业的统计学者应该受到更多尊敬”和C项“数据分析成为编辑的工作”不是原文要表达的主题。D项“统计学者随着《科学》而回归”没有A项准确到位，故排除。